METHODS FOR STUDYING AND ASSESSING CYTOGENETIC CHANGES IN BONE MARROW CELLS OF LABORATORY ANIMALS RECEIVING GENE-MODIFIED

The aim was to study cytogenetic changes in bone marrow cells of laboratory animals that received and did not receive a genetically modified (GM) product (GM-soy) in a comparative aspect. It was found that in the group of white outbred rats that received GM-soy, cytogenetic changes were found in the cells of the red bone marrow, expressed in partial inhibition of cell proliferation due to the cytotoxic effect. They also had polyploidy (5.35%) and aneuploidy (5.35%) in 10.7% of cases. In addition, this group contained cells with mitotic pathology - chromosome scattering, chromosome pulverization, impaired spiralization and despiralization of chromosomes, premature spiralization of chromosomes, delayed mitosis at the prophase stage. In the group of animals that did not receive soy with and without GM in the cells, there were metaphase plates with a normal karyotype. The mitotic activity of bone marrow cells in the control group was higher (MI - 9%) than in the first (MI - 3%) and the second group (MI - 5%).