特朗普、桑德斯与“民粹主义”之争

Matthew Charles Edwards
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引用次数: 0

摘要

21世纪的政治以在世界大部分地区打破传统为标志。忠诚已经瓦解,出人意料的结果出现了:英国脱欧公投;希腊左翼运动和法国、奥地利和德国右翼运动的兴起;以及外部候选人的成功或接近成功。其中很多都被贴上了“民粹主义”的标签。但是,这本身解释不了什么。这个术语是复杂的,有争议的,可能是混乱的。本文阐述了为什么会这样,澄清了各种概念中的一些竞争因素,并探讨了一些可能导致争议的原因。它将这些观点应用于对唐纳德·特朗普和伯尼·桑德斯竞选美国总统的报道和评估,总结了“民粹主义”不同概念的效用。
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Trump, Sanders, and the Essential Contest Over “Populism”
Twenty-first century politics has been marked by breaks with tradition across large areas of the world. Allegiances have broken down, and surprising results have occurred: the Brexit vote; the rise of movements of the left in Greece and the right in France, Austria, and Germany; and the success or near-success of outsider candidates. Much of this has been labeled ‘populist'. But, by itself, this explains little. The term is complex, contested, and possibly confused. This dissertation sets out why this is so, clarifies some of the competing elements within the various conceptions, and explores some of the reasons that may underlie dispute. It applies these ideas to reports and assessments of the electoral campaigns waged by Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders for the US presidency, concluding on the utility of different conceptualisations of ‘populism'.
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