草药防晒霜的剂型和SPF值声明的文献综述

Putri Rachmawati, Reynelda Juliani Sagala, P. Kambira
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摘要

印尼政府建议,为应对新冠肺炎疫情,每天早上要进行15 ~ 30分钟的日光浴。暴露在阳光下会激活维生素D的形成,身体需要维生素D来抵御Covid-19感染。然而,过度的阳光照射会引起皮肤问题,包括牛皮癣、结节病、晒伤到皮肤癌。防晒措施之一是使用防晒霜。防晒霜通过两种机制保护皮肤免受紫外线照射,即吸收紫外线或反射紫外线。防晒霜有多种剂型,以满足消费者的需求。有几种剂型是优选的,因为它们易于使用并且可以在儿童群体中使用。防晒霜保护是使用光保护剂声明,以SPF值的形式或其他支持防晒霜功能的声明。虽然世界各地都在使用SPF,但在一些国家,防晒霜的有效性有几种标准声明,例如广谱和UVA-PA (PA+到PA++++)声明。
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A LITERATURE REVIEW OF HERBAL SUNSCREEN’S DOSAGE FORM AND SPF VALUE CLAIM
The Indonesian government recommended sunbathing for 15 to 30 minutes in the morning to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic. Exposure to sunlight will activate the formation of vitamin D, which the body needs for defense against Covid-19 infection. However, excessive sun exposure will cause skin problems, including psoriasis, sarcoidosis, sunburn to skin cancer. One of the protections against sun exposure is the use of sunscreen. Sunscreen protects the skin from UV exposure by two mechanisms, namely, absorbing UV rays or reflecting UV rays. Sunscreen has various dosage forms that are tailored to the needs of consumers. Several dosage forms are preferred because they are easy to use and can be used in groups of children. Sunscreen protection is stated using a photoprotector claim in the form of an SPF value or other claims that support the function of sunscreen. Although SPF has been used worldwide, there are several standard claims for the effectiveness of sunscreens in several countries, such as the broad spectrum and UVA-PA (PA+ to PA++++) claims.
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