A Self Contained, Variable Gas Inductively Coupled Plasma

Various lamps have been used by spectroscopists to study the electronic structure of their respective species. Two of the more common lamps in use are Electrodeless Discharge Lamps (EDLs) and Hollow Cathode Lamps (HCLs). Microwave and radiofrequency excited EDLs have temperatures in the 400-600 K range, pressures in the 0.1-10 torr range and a common excitation frequency of 2450 MHz. The maximum power is 150 W. They are constructed from quartz tubing measuring 10 mm in diameter and 30 mm in length. HCL's are typified by low gas temperatures (400-500 K) and low pressures (0.1-10 torr). Both EDLs and HCLs are produced commercially.