A REVIEW PAPER ON FREE SPACE OPTIC COMMUNICATION

- Free-space optical communication (FSO) is an optical correspondence innovation that utilizations light proliferating in free space to remotely transmit information for media communications or PC organizing. "Free space" implies air, space and vacuum. FSO is a correspondence framework where free space goes about as medium amongst handsets and they ought to be in LOS (line of sight) for fruitful transmission of optical flag. Medium can be air, space, or vacuum. This framework can be utilized for correspondence reason in hours and in lesser economy. - In recent period of communication there is a necessity of systems with high capacity and bandwidth. This is achieved by the non-fiber optics based system recognized as free space optical communication system. These systems that are reliant upon optics in free space, does not require any license for its operation. Free space optical (FSO) wireless communication has emerged as a viable technology for bridging the gap in existing high date rate fiber network and as a temporary backbone for rapidly deployable mobile wireless communication infrastructure. Free space optical communication offers the potential to send large amount of data security over moderate distances without the expense of laying fiber optic cable. The technology is helpful where the physical connection of the transmitter and receiver locations is difficult. These robust systems which establish communication links by transmitting laser beams directly through the atmosphere, have matured to the point that mass produced models are now available. FSO system offers many features among them being the low-start up and operational cost, rapid development and high fiber-like bandwidth. In this paper first part introduces the FSO system, its advantages, and disadvantages its applications. Second part informs about the challenges which a FSO system faces while working. The challenges faced by FSO system is atmospheric attenuation. The atmospheric attenuation is caused by the fog, smog, rain, smoke, bird flap etc.