斯洛伐克的旅游业、集群倡议和农村发展

V. Székely
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引用次数: 4

摘要

农村再生通常伴随着经济的多样化和创造新的就业机会。Michael Porter在20世纪90年代初提出的集群概念和集群倡议通常不加批判地作为实现这些目标的适当工具。本研究利用实地工作的经验和知识(由报纸和互联网的内容分析支持)描述了斯洛伐克农村地区四个旅游集群倡议的运作及其对选定区域指标(人口净迁移、游客数量、过夜停留和失业人数)的直接影响。数据表明,旅游集群创始人在活动最初几年的努力并不会自动与广泛解释的当地和区域成功联系起来。这一结果表明,旅游业的集群举措并不适用于所有农村地区、经济和/或社区。
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Tourism, Cluster Initiatives, and Rural Development in Slovakia
Rural regeneration is usually accompanied by diversifi cation of the economy and creation of new employment opportunities. The cluster concept, introduced by Michael Porter at the beginning of the 1990s, and cluster initiatives are generally and uncritically offered as an adequate tool for the fulfi lment of these objectives. This study describes the functioning of four tourism cluster initiatives from rural areas of Slovakia using the experience and knowledge from fi eld work (supported by content analysis of newspapers and the Internet) and their (in)direct impact on selected regional indicators (net migration of population, number of tourists, overnight stays and unemployed persons). The data indicate the efforts of the tourism cluster founders in the initial years of activity are not automatically associated with broadly interpreted local and regional success. This result shows that cluster initiatives in tourism are not appropriate for all rural areas, economies and/or communities.
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