{"title":"使用不同材料制造头部汽车被动保护装置的建议","authors":"M. Sobolevska, D. Horobets","doi":"10.15407/itm2022.02.101","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"High-speed multiple-unit trains in Ukraine must be developed according to the Ukrainian Standards DSTU EN 12663 and DSTU EN 15227, which specify the car crashworthiness and active and passive safety. This paper addresses issues involving the development of recommendations on the passive safety of a multiple-unit head car in emergency collisions with obstacles, the determination of the parameters of the energy-absorbing devices (EADs) that are a part of the passive safety system (PSS) of the head car, and the possibility of using aluminum alloys in the EAD manufacturing. Researchers of the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine developed a passive protection concept for home high-speed passenger trains in emergency collisions according to the DSTU EN 15227 requirements and methods and finite-element models for the study of the impact plastic deformation of the EAD honeycomb structures. It was proposed that lower- and upper-level energy-absorbing devices EAD 1 and UL EAD, respectively, be used at head car front end and low-level energy-absorbing devices be used at the head car rear end in place of buffers (EAD 2 or EAD 3 if the intermediate cars have a mass of 50 t or 64 t, respectively). EAD 1 includes two tandem elements. Element 1 is a box with a single-layer pack of hexagonal honeycombs inside. Element 2 is a truncated pyramid made up of honeycombs with triangular cells. The UL EAD has three stages in the form of Element 2. EAD 2 and EAD 3 were designed based on Element 1. The parameters of EAD 1, EAD 2, and EAD 3 of energy capacity 0.95 MJ, 0.25 MJ, and 0.3 MJ, respectively, made of type 08Yu steel were determined. A 3D geometrical model of the home head car front end was developed, and an EAD placement scheme was proposed. It was recommended to install two EAD 1 devices at the head car front end and two UL EAD and two EAD 2 or two EAD 3 devices at the head car rear end and at the ends of the intermediate cars. The aim of this paper is to develop recommendations on manufacturing head car passive protection devices with the use of different materials. A comprehensive study was conducted to choose advisable parameters of a UL EAD made of 08Yu steel and to analyze the possibility of replacing 08Yu steel in the EAD 1, EAD 2 (EAD 3), and UL EAD manufacture with AMr2 and AMr6 aluminum alloys, which have high plastic properties, a low density, and a high resistance to an aggressive environment. As a result, it was shown that 08Yu steel can be replaced with AMr6 aluminum alloy in the EAD 1 and EAD 3 manufacture and with AMr6 or AMr2 aluminum alloys in the UL EAD manufacture. The parameters of the above-mentioned EADs made of the aluminum allows were determined. Recommendations on head car passive protection according to the DSTU EN 15227 were developed. The methods, mathematical models, and recommendations developed may be used in the design of a new-generation head car according to the DSTU EN 15227 requirements.","PeriodicalId":287730,"journal":{"name":"Technical mechanics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Recommendations on manufacturing head car passive protection devices with the use of different materials\",\"authors\":\"M. Sobolevska, D. Horobets\",\"doi\":\"10.15407/itm2022.02.101\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"High-speed multiple-unit trains in Ukraine must be developed according to the Ukrainian Standards DSTU EN 12663 and DSTU EN 15227, which specify the car crashworthiness and active and passive safety. This paper addresses issues involving the development of recommendations on the passive safety of a multiple-unit head car in emergency collisions with obstacles, the determination of the parameters of the energy-absorbing devices (EADs) that are a part of the passive safety system (PSS) of the head car, and the possibility of using aluminum alloys in the EAD manufacturing. Researchers of the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine developed a passive protection concept for home high-speed passenger trains in emergency collisions according to the DSTU EN 15227 requirements and methods and finite-element models for the study of the impact plastic deformation of the EAD honeycomb structures. It was proposed that lower- and upper-level energy-absorbing devices EAD 1 and UL EAD, respectively, be used at head car front end and low-level energy-absorbing devices be used at the head car rear end in place of buffers (EAD 2 or EAD 3 if the intermediate cars have a mass of 50 t or 64 t, respectively). EAD 1 includes two tandem elements. Element 1 is a box with a single-layer pack of hexagonal honeycombs inside. Element 2 is a truncated pyramid made up of honeycombs with triangular cells. The UL EAD has three stages in the form of Element 2. EAD 2 and EAD 3 were designed based on Element 1. The parameters of EAD 1, EAD 2, and EAD 3 of energy capacity 0.95 MJ, 0.25 MJ, and 0.3 MJ, respectively, made of type 08Yu steel were determined. A 3D geometrical model of the home head car front end was developed, and an EAD placement scheme was proposed. It was recommended to install two EAD 1 devices at the head car front end and two UL EAD and two EAD 2 or two EAD 3 devices at the head car rear end and at the ends of the intermediate cars. The aim of this paper is to develop recommendations on manufacturing head car passive protection devices with the use of different materials. A comprehensive study was conducted to choose advisable parameters of a UL EAD made of 08Yu steel and to analyze the possibility of replacing 08Yu steel in the EAD 1, EAD 2 (EAD 3), and UL EAD manufacture with AMr2 and AMr6 aluminum alloys, which have high plastic properties, a low density, and a high resistance to an aggressive environment. As a result, it was shown that 08Yu steel can be replaced with AMr6 aluminum alloy in the EAD 1 and EAD 3 manufacture and with AMr6 or AMr2 aluminum alloys in the UL EAD manufacture. The parameters of the above-mentioned EADs made of the aluminum allows were determined. Recommendations on head car passive protection according to the DSTU EN 15227 were developed. The methods, mathematical models, and recommendations developed may be used in the design of a new-generation head car according to the DSTU EN 15227 requirements.\",\"PeriodicalId\":287730,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Technical mechanics\",\"volume\":\"24 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-06-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Technical mechanics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.15407/itm2022.02.101\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Technical mechanics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15407/itm2022.02.101","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
乌克兰的高速多单元列车必须按照乌克兰标准DSTU EN 12663和DSTU EN 15227开发,这些标准规定了汽车的耐撞性和主动和被动安全性。本文讨论的问题涉及多单元头车紧急碰撞时被动安全建议的发展,头车被动安全系统(PSS)一部分吸能装置(EADs)参数的确定,以及在EAD制造中使用铝合金的可能性。乌克兰国家科学院技术力学研究所和乌克兰国家航天局的研究人员根据DSTU EN 15227的要求和研究EAD蜂窝结构冲击塑性变形的方法和有限元模型,开发了用于紧急碰撞的国内高速客运列车的被动保护概念。建议在车头前端分别采用下、上能级吸能装置EAD 1和UL EAD,在车头后端采用低能级吸能装置代替缓冲器(中间车质量分别为50t和64t时采用EAD 2或EAD 3)。EAD 1包括两个串联元件。元素1是一个盒子,里面有单层的六边形蜂巢。元素2是由带有三角形单元的蜂窝组成的截形金字塔。UL EAD以元素2的形式分为三个阶段。EAD 2和EAD 3是基于Element 1设计的。测定了以08Yu钢为材料,能量容量分别为0.95 MJ、0.25 MJ和0.3 MJ时的EAD 1、EAD 2和EAD 3参数。建立了主头车前端的三维几何模型,提出了EAD的定位方案。建议在车头车头前端安装2个EAD 1装置,在车头车头后端和中间车尾部安装2个UL EAD和2个EAD 2或2个EAD 3装置。本文的目的是提出使用不同材料制造头部汽车被动保护装置的建议。通过对08Yu钢制造的UL EAD的合理参数选择进行了全面的研究,并分析了用AMr2和AMr6铝合金代替08Yu钢制造EAD 1、EAD 2 (EAD 3)和UL EAD的可能性。AMr2和AMr6铝合金具有高塑性、低密度和高抗腐蚀性。结果表明,08Yu钢在EAD 1和EAD 3制造中可以用AMr6铝合金代替,在UL EAD制造中可以用AMr6或AMr2铝合金代替。确定了上述用铝型材制成的EADs的参数。根据DSTU EN 15227制定了车头被动防护的建议。所开发的方法、数学模型和建议可用于根据DSTU EN 15227要求设计新一代头车。
Recommendations on manufacturing head car passive protection devices with the use of different materials
High-speed multiple-unit trains in Ukraine must be developed according to the Ukrainian Standards DSTU EN 12663 and DSTU EN 15227, which specify the car crashworthiness and active and passive safety. This paper addresses issues involving the development of recommendations on the passive safety of a multiple-unit head car in emergency collisions with obstacles, the determination of the parameters of the energy-absorbing devices (EADs) that are a part of the passive safety system (PSS) of the head car, and the possibility of using aluminum alloys in the EAD manufacturing. Researchers of the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine developed a passive protection concept for home high-speed passenger trains in emergency collisions according to the DSTU EN 15227 requirements and methods and finite-element models for the study of the impact plastic deformation of the EAD honeycomb structures. It was proposed that lower- and upper-level energy-absorbing devices EAD 1 and UL EAD, respectively, be used at head car front end and low-level energy-absorbing devices be used at the head car rear end in place of buffers (EAD 2 or EAD 3 if the intermediate cars have a mass of 50 t or 64 t, respectively). EAD 1 includes two tandem elements. Element 1 is a box with a single-layer pack of hexagonal honeycombs inside. Element 2 is a truncated pyramid made up of honeycombs with triangular cells. The UL EAD has three stages in the form of Element 2. EAD 2 and EAD 3 were designed based on Element 1. The parameters of EAD 1, EAD 2, and EAD 3 of energy capacity 0.95 MJ, 0.25 MJ, and 0.3 MJ, respectively, made of type 08Yu steel were determined. A 3D geometrical model of the home head car front end was developed, and an EAD placement scheme was proposed. It was recommended to install two EAD 1 devices at the head car front end and two UL EAD and two EAD 2 or two EAD 3 devices at the head car rear end and at the ends of the intermediate cars. The aim of this paper is to develop recommendations on manufacturing head car passive protection devices with the use of different materials. A comprehensive study was conducted to choose advisable parameters of a UL EAD made of 08Yu steel and to analyze the possibility of replacing 08Yu steel in the EAD 1, EAD 2 (EAD 3), and UL EAD manufacture with AMr2 and AMr6 aluminum alloys, which have high plastic properties, a low density, and a high resistance to an aggressive environment. As a result, it was shown that 08Yu steel can be replaced with AMr6 aluminum alloy in the EAD 1 and EAD 3 manufacture and with AMr6 or AMr2 aluminum alloys in the UL EAD manufacture. The parameters of the above-mentioned EADs made of the aluminum allows were determined. Recommendations on head car passive protection according to the DSTU EN 15227 were developed. The methods, mathematical models, and recommendations developed may be used in the design of a new-generation head car according to the DSTU EN 15227 requirements.