環境清潔與抗藥性細菌

環境清潔落實與否在預防和控制醫療照護相關感染方面扮演著重要的作用，首先，環境清潔可以減少病原體的存活和繁殖，特別是常見的抗藥性細菌。定期清潔和消毒病房、手術室、護理站等高風險區域，可以有效地減少微生物的存活和繁殖，同時減少醫護人員和病人接觸到病原體的機會，進而減少醫療照護相關感染的發生率，疾病管制署於104年11月公告醫療機構環境清潔感染管制措施指引，衛生福利部自105年病人安全目標六-落實感染管制，其執行策略：定期環境清潔機制，107年更具體地明訂需執行監測環境清潔品質。由此可見，落實環境清潔及有效之監測是感染管制非常重要的一環。目前常用於醫院環境清消品質監測的方式主要分為三類，包括：目視觀察評量法、螢光標示檢測法、微生物負荷殘留檢測法，已有許多文獻發表，透過前述的環境清潔監測方式可改善清潔人員環境清潔落實程度與降低細菌的移生及感染，因此醫療機構必須加強落實環境清潔，進行定期的消毒和清洗，以減少病原體和病菌的存活和繁殖。這可以減少病人感染病原體和病菌的風險，同時減少抗藥性菌株的傳播和擴散。  Environmental cleaning is key in preventing and controlling health care–associated infections. First, environmental cleaning can reduce the survival and reproduction of pathogens, especially those of common drug-resistant bacteria. The regular cleaning and disinfection of high-risk areas, such as wards, operating rooms, and nursing stations, can effectively reduce bioburden levels. An excellent cleaning environment reduces the risk of medical staff and patients being exposed to pathogens, thereby reducing the incidence of medical care–associated infections. Cleanliness is a goal of disease safety and an strategy for implementing infection control. Since 2017, various stipulations pertaining to the monitoring of environmental cleanliness quality have been implemented. The implementation of environmental cleaning and effective monitoring are crucial aspects of infection control and prevention. At present, the methods commonly used to monitor the quality of hospital environmental cleanliness can mainly be divided into three categories, namely visual observation, fluorescent labeling and detection, and microbial load residue detection. Numerous studies have explored the aforementioned environmental cleaning and monitoring methods and reported that they improved the quality of environmental cleaning by cleaning personnel and reduced bacterial colonization and the spread of bacterial infections or contamination. Accordingly, health care facilities must strengthen their environmental cleaning processes and conduct regular cleaning and disinfection to reduce the survival and reproduction of pathogens. These measures reduce the risk of patients contracting pathogens and the risk of resistant strains spreading.