Percent of Survival, Vegetative Growth and Hormonal Balance as Affected by Chip Budding of Flame Seedless cv. on Three Nematode Resistant Rootstocks

The present study was carried out during two successive seasons of 2012 and 2013 in a private vineyard located at Sadat city, Menofia Governorate, Egypt The main target is the detection of the proper rootstock which achieve the highest compatibility (Congeniality) degree for the Flame seedless cv, with good survival % and healthy growth for the obtained grafts especially vegetative growth of scion and root system growth of the rootstock. The survival percentage varied significantly according to rootstock type. Freedom rootstock recorded the highest survival percentage (80.00 and 83.33 %) and F.C.C (2.41 and 2.53) in 2012 and 2013 seasons, respectively. While, Harmony rootstock recorded the lowest survival percentage (60.00 and 66.67 %) and F.C.C (1.51 and 1.82) in both seasons, respectively. Meanwhile, difference in F.C.C. value between Freedom and Salt creek was insignificant in both seasons. Freedom rootstock recorded the maximum values of scion shoot length (93.55 and 95.86 cm) and leaf area (95.24 and 105.49 cm2) in 2012 and 2013 seasons, respectively. While, Harmony rootstock achieved the minimum values of shoot length (67.43 and 71.67 cm) and leaf area (73.37 and 79.60 cm2) in the two studied seasons, respectively. However, differences in both shoot length and between Freedom and Slat creek rootstocks are insignificant in both seasons. Freedom rootstock recorded the maximum figures of the aerial portion fresh weight (7.65 and 8.89 g), fresh weight of root system (2.94 and 4.23 g), dry weight of the aerial portion (2.07 and 2.52 g) and dry weight of root system (1.7 and 2.4 g) in the two seasons, respectively. While, Harmony rootstock showed the minimum values of fresh weight of aerial portion (5.65 and 6.33 g), fresh weight of root system (2.30 and 2.91 g), dry weight of the aerial portion (1.65 and 1.81 g) and dry weight of root system (1.34 and 1.63 g) in the two studied seasons, respectively. Meanwhile, differences in fresh wt. and dry wt. of aerial portion between Freedom and Salt creek were insignificant in both seasons. The obtained results revealed that canes of Freedom rootstock exhibited the largest total indoles (0.29 and 0.30 mg/g F.W.), free indoles (0.25 and 0.26 mg/g F.W.). But they showed the lowest total phenols (0.17 and 0.15 mg/g F.W.) and free phenols (0.15 and 0.13 mg/g F.W.) in 2012 and 2013 seasons, respectively. On the contrary, canes of Harmony rootstock exhibited the minimum values of total indoles (0.24 and 0.23 mg/g F.W.) and free indoles (0.19 and 0.20 mg/g F.W.) and the highest figures of total phenols (0.24 and 0.23 mg/g F.W.) and free phenols (0.20 and 0.18 mg/g F.W.) in both seasons, respectively. However, no significant differences were detected in total indoles and total phenols between Freedom and Slat creek rootstock in both seasons.