多核原型的非侵入式运行时监控

Fabian Lesniak, Nidhi Anantharajaiah, T. Harbaum, Juergen Becker
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引用次数: 1

摘要

快速原型技术是开发新型计算体系结构的一项重要技术。虽然基于仿真的方法允许检查测试中的设计,但基于fpga的原型的可观察性是有限的,因为它们可能表现得像一个黑盒子。然而,为了验证和设计空间探索的目的,获得这种原型的内部状态的详细信息是至关重要的。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个架构,在执行期间收集详细的内部测量,并在不影响其运行时行为的情况下从测试中的设计中提取它们。它是专门为低资源使用和对时间的最小影响而设计的,为实际原型系统留下更多的资源。我们提出的架构为各种信号源提供了几种不同的接口模块,包括寄存器捕获,事件计数器和总线窥探。我们提出了可实现带宽和最大采样率的估计,以及在多fpga原型平台上使用平铺多核平台的苛刻案例研究。实验结果显示每秒多达3200万个4字节的测量,使千兆以太网连接饱和。在使用基于fpga的多核原型时,该监控系统已被证明是非常有用的,因为它是在早期阶段发现硬件、操作系统和应用程序中的错误行为和瓶颈的重要工具。
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Non-Intrusive Runtime Monitoring for Manycore Prototypes
Rapid prototyping is widely used, essential technique for developing novel computing architectures. While simulation-based approaches allow to examine the Design Under Test, the observability of FPGA-based prototypes is limited as they can behave like a black box. However, for verification and design space exploration purposes it is crucial to obtain detailed information on the internal state of such a prototype. In this work we propose an architecture to gather detailed internal measurements during execution and extract them from the design under test without impacting its runtime behavior. It is specifically designed for low resource usage and minimal impact on timing, leaving more resources for the actual prototyped system. Our proposed architecture offers several different interface modules for various signal sources, including register capturing, event counters and bus snooping. We present an estimate of achievable bandwidth and maximum sample rate as well as a demanding case-study with a tiled manycore platform on a multi-FPGA prototyping platform. Experimental results show up to 32 million 4-byte measurements per second, saturating a gigabit Ethernet connection. The monitoring system has proven to be very useful when working with an FPGA-based manycore prototype, as it is an essential tool to reveal incorrect behavior and bottlenecks in hardware, operating system and applications at an early stage.
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