数字时代初级卫生保健服务的提供和可及性

T. Edoh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

初级保健在卫生保健系统内,是需要卫生和医疗保健的人的第一次接触和主要接触点。需要专门保健和医疗护理的病人由协调所需专科护理的全科医生指导到适当的专科医生那里。全科医生的决定部分基于以病人为中心的信息,部分基于医学检查的结果。目前有许多用于初级卫生保健的卫生信息技术系统。他们的首要目标是协助全科医生履行日常职责,协助病人收集医疗数据,并自我管理病情。使患者能够收集有关其病情的准确信息以自我管理病情的IT系统提供了准确的以患者为中心的数据,这显示了超越以患者为中心的信息的潜力,而以患者为中心的信息又基于患者的个人感受和感知。以患者为中心的信息是有偏见的。除了提供以患者为中心的信息外,卫生it系统还可以促进获得卫生保健服务,提高卫生保健服务的质量、效率和有效性,并有助于降低医疗费用。本章旨在描绘卫生it系统及其配套技术的全球发展趋势。本章将进一步介绍一些现有的卫生信息技术系统,并讨论它们在卫生保健可及性方面的作用,特别是在农村地区。
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Primary Health-Care Service Delivery and Accessibility in the Digital Age
The primary care is within a health-care system, the first contact and main point for people requiring health and medical care. Patients requiring specialized health and medical care are directed to the appropriate specialists by a general physician (GP) who coordinates the needed specialist care. GPs base their decisions partially on patient-centered information and partially on the results of medical examinations. Many health-IT systems for primary health care are available today. Their first aims are to assist GPs in their daily duties and the patient in collecting his medical data and to self-manage his conditions. IT systems enabling the patient to collect accurate information on his condition to self-manage his condition provide accurate patient-centric data, which shows the potential to outperform patient-centered information, which in turn is based on the patient’s personal feeling and perception. Patient-centered information are biased. Beyond providing patient-centric information, health-IT systems can facilitate access to health-care services, increase the quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of health-care services, and can contribute to reducing medical expenses. This chapter aims to paint down the global trend of health-IT systems and the supporting technology. The chapter will further present some existing health-IT systems and discuss their role in the health-care accessibility, particularly in rural regions.
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