水星凌日时黑滴效应的空间研究

Glenn Schneider, J. Pasachoff, Leon Golub
{"title":"水星凌日时黑滴效应的空间研究","authors":"Glenn Schneider, J. Pasachoff, Leon Golub","doi":"10.1017/S1539299600015100","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Transits of Mercury and Venus across the face of the Sun are rare. The 20th century had 15 transits of Mercury and the 21st century will have 14, the two most recent occuring on 15 November 1999 and 7 May 2003. We report on our observations and analyses of a black-drop effect at the 1999 and 2003 transits of Mercury seen in high spatial resolution optical imaging with NASA's Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) spacecraft. We have separated the primary contributors to this effect, solar limb darkening and broadening due to the instrumental point spread function, for the 1999 event. The observations are important for understanding historical observations of transits of Venus, which in the 18th and 19th centuries were basic for the determination of the scale of the solar system. Our observations are in preparation for the 8 June 2004 transit of Venus, the first to occur since 1882. Only five transits of Venus have ever been seen -- in 1639, 1761, 1769, 1874, and 1882. These events occur in pairs, whose members are separated by 8 years, with an interval between pairs of 105 or 122 years. Nobody alive has ever seen a transit of Venus.","PeriodicalId":422890,"journal":{"name":"Highlights of Astronomy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2003-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"5","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Space Studies of the Black-Drop Effect at a Mercury Transit\",\"authors\":\"Glenn Schneider, J. Pasachoff, Leon Golub\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/S1539299600015100\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Transits of Mercury and Venus across the face of the Sun are rare. The 20th century had 15 transits of Mercury and the 21st century will have 14, the two most recent occuring on 15 November 1999 and 7 May 2003. We report on our observations and analyses of a black-drop effect at the 1999 and 2003 transits of Mercury seen in high spatial resolution optical imaging with NASA's Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) spacecraft. We have separated the primary contributors to this effect, solar limb darkening and broadening due to the instrumental point spread function, for the 1999 event. The observations are important for understanding historical observations of transits of Venus, which in the 18th and 19th centuries were basic for the determination of the scale of the solar system. Our observations are in preparation for the 8 June 2004 transit of Venus, the first to occur since 1882. Only five transits of Venus have ever been seen -- in 1639, 1761, 1769, 1874, and 1882. These events occur in pairs, whose members are separated by 8 years, with an interval between pairs of 105 or 122 years. Nobody alive has ever seen a transit of Venus.\",\"PeriodicalId\":422890,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Highlights of Astronomy\",\"volume\":\"1 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2003-10-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"5\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Highlights of Astronomy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1539299600015100\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Highlights of Astronomy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1539299600015100","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5

摘要

水星和金星凌日现象很少发生。20世纪有15次水星凌日,21世纪将有14次,最近的两次发生在1999年11月15日和2003年5月7日。我们报告了我们对1999年和2003年水星凌日的观察和分析,这是美国宇航局的过渡区和日冕探测器(TRACE)航天器在高空间分辨率光学成像中看到的。对于1999年的事件,我们已经分离出造成这种影响的主要因素,即由于仪器点扩散函数导致的太阳边缘变暗和变宽。这些观测对于理解金星凌日的历史观测非常重要,在18世纪和19世纪,金星凌日是确定太阳系规模的基础。我们的观测是为2004年6月8日的金星凌日做准备,这是自1882年以来的第一次。人类只观测到五次金星凌日,分别是1639年、1761年、1769年、1874年和1882年。这些事件成对发生,每组成员间隔8年,每组之间的间隔为105年或122年。在世的人从未见过金星凌日。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
Space Studies of the Black-Drop Effect at a Mercury Transit
Transits of Mercury and Venus across the face of the Sun are rare. The 20th century had 15 transits of Mercury and the 21st century will have 14, the two most recent occuring on 15 November 1999 and 7 May 2003. We report on our observations and analyses of a black-drop effect at the 1999 and 2003 transits of Mercury seen in high spatial resolution optical imaging with NASA's Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) spacecraft. We have separated the primary contributors to this effect, solar limb darkening and broadening due to the instrumental point spread function, for the 1999 event. The observations are important for understanding historical observations of transits of Venus, which in the 18th and 19th centuries were basic for the determination of the scale of the solar system. Our observations are in preparation for the 8 June 2004 transit of Venus, the first to occur since 1882. Only five transits of Venus have ever been seen -- in 1639, 1761, 1769, 1874, and 1882. These events occur in pairs, whose members are separated by 8 years, with an interval between pairs of 105 or 122 years. Nobody alive has ever seen a transit of Venus.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊最新文献
ASTROD I: Mission Concept and Venus Flybys The Huygens Mission to Titan: Overview and status Ejection of Bi-Helical Fields from the Sun Comparing Chemical Abundances of the Damped Lyα Systems and Metal-Poor Stars Probing X-ray Emitting Plasma with High Resolution Chandra and XMM-Newton Spectra
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1