Dynamic mechanisms of power system instability

This paper presents a review of current research in voltage stability and a new model encompassing three mechanisms of dynamic voltage collapse. These three mechanisms are on-load tap changer effects, load dynamics, and generator dynamics. A small power system model simulates the combination of these three effects, showing how a long-term voltage collapse occurs. Insight into the effects of adding generator dynamics to current models are discussed. Finally, the popular idea of ignoring the small changes in frequency while studying voltage stability is analyzed.