对伯纳德·威廉姆斯哲学计划的统一解读

Pawel Pijas
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摘要

摘要本文提出了解读伯纳德·威廉姆斯哲学的一把钥匙。它认为,他的哲学核心是由以下相互关联的认识论和形而上学观点组成的:(1)科学实在论,(2)形而上学自然主义,(3)方法论多元主义,(4)人类学偶然主义和(5)对哲学的后分析/人文主义理解。这些是在前两节中提取的。第三部分展示了这种解释如何适用于威廉姆斯对道德的批判。本文最后对威廉姆斯的形而上学立场进行了一些批判性的评论。
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Towards a Unified Interpretation of Bernard Williams's Philosophical Projects
Abstract This article proposes an interpretive key to Bernard Williams's philosophy. It posits the idea that at its core, his philosophy consists in the following interconnected epistemological and metaphysical views: (1) scientific realism, (2) metaphysical naturalism, (3) methodological pluralism, (4) anthropological contingentism and (5) a post-analytical/humanistic under- standing of philosophy. These are extracted in the first two sections. The third section provides a demonstration of how this interpretation can be applied vis-a-vis Williams's critique of morality. The text concludes with some critical remarks on Williams's metaphilosophical position.
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