农村旅游的可持续发展

Nicolopoulos Philippos
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摘要

近50-60年来,大规模的传统旅游主要出现在气候温和、夏季温暖的南方国家沿海地区,对自然环境和当地文化产生了负面影响。这种旅游以增加当地社会的经济利益为优先,把自然优势“卖”给喜欢暑假“放松”的人。相反,在过去的几年里,正是由于上述负面影响,存在着一种可持续旅游发展的趋势,与所谓的替代和定性旅游有关。这是另一种旅游,它旨在满足游客的愿望,加强国家的地方和民族经济,以及旅游区的自然和文化资本的不退化。这就是为什么它开始转向其他更“定性”的活动,并将保护自然环境作为第一优先事项。从这个角度来看,农村地区,确切地说,因为很多时候比拥挤的沿海地区更“处女”和“令人兴奋”。在本文中,我提出了系统理论和社会控制论如何基于应用其原理和观点的“智能”控制系统,为这种可持续发展做出贡献。
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Sustainable Touristic Development in Rural Areas
The mass conventional tourism, mainly appeared in coastal areas of southern countries with mild weather and warm summer in the last 50-60 years, had negative impacts on the natural environment and on local cultures. This kind of tourism gave priority to the increase of economic profit of local societies “selling” natural advantages to people who liked summer vacation “relax”. On the contrary in the last years, exactly because of the aforementioned negative impacts, there exists a tendency for a sustainable touristic development, connected with the so-called alternative and qualitative tourism. This is another kind of tourism which intends to combine the meeting of the desires of tourists, the reinforcement of local and national economy of countries and the non-degradation of natural and cultural capital of the touristic areas. That’s why it began to turn to other activities which are more “qualitative” and to consider the protection of natural environment as an issue of first priority. From this point of view the rural areas, exactly, because many times are more “virgin” and “exciting” compared with the crowded coastal zones are preferable. In the present article I propose how systems theory and sociocybernetics can contribute to the sustainable development of this kind, based on an “intelligent” control system which applies their principles and their perspective.
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