可持续发展背景下城市化地区交通网络运行与发展中的环境安全管理

G. Zhelnovach, N. Prokopenko
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To assess the environmental efficiency of optimizing the functioning and development of the transport network of cities, criteria were proposed for replacing road transport work with bicycle transport, reducing pollutant emissions and fuel consumption, and reducing acoustic pollution. Based on the results of calculations on the environmental efficiency and the feasibility of developing the cycling transport network of cities on the example of model districts of Kharkov, it was found that the efficiency of developing the cycling transport network in the central region of the city of Kharkov is more than 20 times than in a residential area. It was found that the proposed eco-oriented approach cannot be applied in an unchanged form in practice due to the lack of physical ability to build a bicycle transport network in the central part of the city and the formed area development. 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摘要

目的。本研究的目的是通过评估自行车交通网络发展的环境效率,开发可持续的方法来确保城市化地区交通网络的环境效率管理。方法。制定确保城市化地区运输网络运作和发展过程中环境安全的方法,是根据对执行此类活动的现有经验进行分析分析的方法和对所建议方法的应用效果进行数学计算的方法。结果。为了评估优化城市交通网络功能和发展的环境效率,提出了以自行车代替公路运输、减少污染物排放和燃料消耗、减少声污染的标准。以哈尔科夫示范区为例,对城市发展自行车交通网络的环境效率和可行性进行了计算,结果表明哈尔科夫市中心地区发展自行车交通网络的效率是居民区的20倍以上。研究发现,由于城市中心地区缺乏建立自行车交通网络的物理能力和形成的区域发展,提出的以生态为导向的方法在实践中无法保持不变。根据所得结果,在可持续发展的背景下,不仅要考虑道路运输运营的参数,还要考虑城市道路网络本身的发展。创意。本研究首次提出通过发展基于环境标准的自行车交通网络来考虑提高城市交通网络环境安全管理效率。实用价值。在未来的研究中提出和测试的方法可以成为发展环境可持续的城市交通系统的基础,因为它最优地包含了自行车交通网络。
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ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN THE OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT NETWORKS OF URBANIZED AREAS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Purpose. The purpose of this study is to develop sustainable approaches to ensuring environmentally efficient management of the transport network of urbanized areas by assessing the environmental efficiency of the development of bicycle transport networks. Methodology. The development of approaches to ensure environmental safety in the operation and development of transport networks of urbanized areas is based on the methods of analytical analysis of the existing experience in the implementation of such activities and mathematical calculations of the effectiveness of the application of the proposed methods. Results. To assess the environmental efficiency of optimizing the functioning and development of the transport network of cities, criteria were proposed for replacing road transport work with bicycle transport, reducing pollutant emissions and fuel consumption, and reducing acoustic pollution. Based on the results of calculations on the environmental efficiency and the feasibility of developing the cycling transport network of cities on the example of model districts of Kharkov, it was found that the efficiency of developing the cycling transport network in the central region of the city of Kharkov is more than 20 times than in a residential area. It was found that the proposed eco-oriented approach cannot be applied in an unchanged form in practice due to the lack of physical ability to build a bicycle transport network in the central part of the city and the formed area development. Based on the results obtained, it has been established that it is advisable to take into account not only the parameters of road transport operation, but also the development of the city's road network itself in the context of sustainable development. Originality. In this study, for the first time, it was proposed to consider improving the efficiency of environmental safety management of city transport networks through the development of a bicycle transport network based on environmental criteria. Practical value. The approach proposed and tested in the study in the future can become the basis for the development of an environmentally sustainable urban transport system due to the optimal inclusion of the cycling transport network in it.
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