Microecological Approaches to the Prophylactic Correction of Dysbacteriosis Microbiota in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Ducks

The article presents the results of the probiotic preparation ―Olin‖ impact on the microbiocenosis of various biotopes in the avian gastrointestinal tract, immune response and productive indicators. Two groups of ducks were formed for the experiment, with 10 animals in each. Ducks of the 1 st (experimental) group received the ―Olin‖ probiotic from day 1 with the main diet until the end of feeding period. The 2 nd (control) group received only the main diet. The conducted comprehensive studies allow us to conclude that by the age of 60 days (slaughter age of ducks) the dominant members of the microbiocenosis of the studied biotopes in the gastrointestinal tract in the experimental group (No. 1) using the probiotic were: Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Bifididium bifididium and Lactobacillus spp. There was a decrease in the population of beneficial microbiota in the control group, but increase of Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Ducks of the 2 nd group revealed a high persistent potential of opportunistic microorganisms. The highest level of anti-lysozyme activity (ALA) was found in Enterobacter spp. – 3.1 μg/ml, Escherichia coli – 2.21 μg/ml and Proteus vulgaris – 1.75 μg/ml. Bacteria isolated in ducks had a high degree of colonization ability. On average, the microorganism adhesion index (MAI) varies from 2.88 to 6.84 with a fairly high AAI (average adhesion indicator) – from 2.2 to 6.12. The vast majority of microorganisms were highly sensitive to enrofloxacin – 83.3%, tylosin – 66.6%, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol – 83.3%. The use of a probiotic preparation for the prevention of dysbiosis contributed to an increase in the content of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and to a decrease in the number of opportunistic microorganisms in all sections of the gastrointestinal tract of ducks, as well as an increase in live weight and a decrease in feed conversion by 8%. Keywords—ducks, enterobiocenosis, dysbiosis, persistent properties, probiotic.