Wave-front manipulation in a substrate covered inhomogeneous holey waveguide

A substrate covered holey parallel-plate-waveguide (PPW) is presented for manipulating the propagation of electromagnetic waves. This is achieved by constructing an effective gradient index profile via varying the sizes of holes on one side of the PPW. Size-variable unit lattices are used for achieving a smooth variation of the effective refractive index profile. As an example, a holey PPW with gradient effective index mimicking a convex lens is designed and numerically demonstrated via fullwave simulations.