Influence of complex treatment of periodontal tissue diseases on the indices of antioxidant and prooxidant systems in teenagers and young adults

Purpose - to study the effect of complex treatment of periodontal tissue diseases on the indices of antioxidant and prooxidant systems of oral fluid in adolescents and young adults. Materials and methods. The biochemical parameters of oral fluid before and after treatment were studied in 114 adolescents and young adults (15 to 24 years old), who were divided into groups: the Group I included 26 people who smoked traditional cigarettes; the Group II - 22 people who smoked electronic cigarettes (vapes); the Group III - 23 people who smoked tobacco heating devices (IQOS); the Group IV - 43 people without a smoking habit. The following biochemical parameters were studied: the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes, dyne conjugates and products that react to thiobarbituric acid, before and after treatment with the proposed complex: general - Quertin, Supervit and BioGaya ProDentis; topical - Stomolik and Holisal and conventional treatment. Results. In the Group I patients, the activity of superoxide dismutase in the oral fluid decreased by 1.4 times compared to the Group IV patients (p<0.05); in the Group II and III patients - by 1.2 times compared to non-smokers (p<0.05). In the Group I, the activity of the catalase enzyme decreased significantly (2.6 times) compared to the Group IV (p<0.05); in the Group II and III - by 1.8 times compared to non-smokers (p<0.05). The analysis of the data showed that in the Group I, the number of products reacting to thiobarbituric acid increased 2.5 times compared to the Group IV (p<0.05); in the Groups II and III - 1.9 times compared to the Group IV (p<0.05). The amount of diene conjugates in the oral fluid increased in both the Group I and Groups II and III patients, respectively, by 1.4 and 1.2 times compared with the Group IV patients (p<0.05). After treatment, there was an increase in antioxidant defense and inhibition of lipid peroxidation in oral fluid, with better results in the subgroups in which the proposed complex treatment was used, as well as in adolescents and young adults without smoking habits. Conclusions. In teenagers and young adults smokers, there is an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the antioxidant properties of oral fluid. Comparison of the results of biochemical parameters before and after treatment of periodontal tissue diseases in the observation groups by different methods indicates the advantages of the proposed complex treatment and allows us to conclude that it is highly effective. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.