分布式电源在农业综合体企业供电系统中实施的几个方面

Serhii Boiko, Oleksii Zhukov, Andriy Koval, Dmytro Pechenyuk
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A separate problem is the complete dependence on the electric power system, which mainly uses traditional fuel resources and has a number of disadvantages, which creates risks for the effective functioning of a strategically important sector of the state economy and substantiates the relevance of scientific research aimed at improving the optimization of the structure of energy consumption and energy supply, in that including due to the introduction of elements of alternative energy at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. Thus, by implementing DRG and RES, agro-industrial complex enterprises increase their capacities, which contributes to the attraction of investments and increases their competitiveness. This state of affairs leads to a review of the issue of the active introduction of RES into the electricity supply structures of agricultural enterprises, which is associated with negative effects on the electricity supply systems of electricity consumers. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

今天,乌克兰的农业工业综合体决定了国家的社会经济发展,是一个综合的生产和经济系统,将农业、工业、科学生产和教育部门联合起来,旨在获取、运输、储存、加工和销售农产品。然而,在乌克兰农业工业综合体发展的当前阶段,确保企业及其产品在国外市场上具有适当水平的竞争力的一个重大障碍是能源消耗水平高。另一个问题是完全依赖电力系统,电力系统主要使用传统的燃料资源,有许多缺点,这给国家经济中具有重要战略意义的部门的有效运作带来了风险,并证明了旨在改善能源消费和能源供应结构优化的科学研究的相关性。其中包括在乌克兰农业工业综合体的企业中引入替代能源的要素。因此,通过实施DRG和RES,农工综合体企业可以提高其能力,从而有助于吸引投资并提高其竞争力。这种情况导致对农业企业电力供应结构中积极引入可再生能源的问题进行审查,这与电力消费者的电力供应系统的负面影响有关。但以往研究分析表明,在不同类型发电机能量过程中相同谐波分量和不同谐波分量受到一定组合扰动的情况下,可能会出现负荷中某一谐波分量的相互补偿或相互加强[1]。此外,采用“星-零-三角”组连接的三相电力变压器广泛应用于农工综合体企业的供电系统中,为电机和其他大功率用户供电。在这种情况下,6- 10kv配电网的供电电压供电给三角形连接的变压器绕组,用户连接到0.4 kV的低侧,其绕组与中性点呈星形连接。然而,目前,在供电系统中,相当多的发电装置安装在变压器的低侧。这些可以是光伏发电厂,沼气发电厂或柴油发电厂,这些发电厂在与俄罗斯侵略有关的电力供应危机之后开始大规模安装。本文分析了乌克兰农工综合体企业采用基于可再生能源的DRG的优势、存在的问题和前景,证明了其在供电系统中的经济可行性。建议的方法是,将基于可再生能源的DRG引入农工综合体企业的供电系统,有助于降低这些企业的能源依赖程度,并且由于其生产成本的降低,是提高制成品在国内外市场上竞争力的因素之一。在农业企业集中供电系统的结构中引入可再生能源,通过两个独立的电源供电,提高了供电系统的可靠性。此外,从供电公司收到的电量也大大减少。在农工综合体企业联合供电系统控制系统建设中应用人工智能技术,将从整体上提高电能质量,优化可再生能源利用,减少农工综合体企业电力综合体的异常运行模式。
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ASPECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SOURCES IN THE ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEM OF ENTERPRISES OF THE AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX
Today, the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine determines the socio-economic development of the state, and is an integrated production and economic system, uniting a number of agricultural, industrial, scientific-production and educational sectors aimed at obtaining, transporting, storing, processing and selling agricultural products. However, at the current stage of development of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, a significant obstacle to ensuring the appropriate level of competitiveness of enterprises and their products on the foreign market is the high level of energy consumption. A separate problem is the complete dependence on the electric power system, which mainly uses traditional fuel resources and has a number of disadvantages, which creates risks for the effective functioning of a strategically important sector of the state economy and substantiates the relevance of scientific research aimed at improving the optimization of the structure of energy consumption and energy supply, in that including due to the introduction of elements of alternative energy at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. Thus, by implementing DRG and RES, agro-industrial complex enterprises increase their capacities, which contributes to the attraction of investments and increases their competitiveness. This state of affairs leads to a review of the issue of the active introduction of RES into the electricity supply structures of agricultural enterprises, which is associated with negative effects on the electricity supply systems of electricity consumers. But the analysis of previous studies shows that with a certain combination of disturbances on the same and different harmonic components of energy processes of different types of generators, mutual compensation or mutual reinforcement of one or another harmonic component in loads may occur [1]. In addition, three-phase power transformers with a "star-zero-delta" group of connections are widely used in the power supply systems of agro-industrial complex enterprises to power electric machines and other powerful consumers. In this case, the supply voltage from distribution networks of 6-10 kV is supplied to the transformer windings connected by a delta, and consumers are connected to the low side of 0.4 kV, the windings of which are connected in star with neutral. However, recently, quite often generating power is installed on the low side of the transformer in the power supply system. These can be photovoltaic plants, biogas power plants or diesel generator plants, which began to be installed en masse after the power supply crisis associated with Russian aggression. The paper examines the advantages, problems and prospects of DRG based on renewable energy sources at Ukrainian agro-industrial complex enterprises, which proves its economic feasibility in power supply systems. The proposed approach is that the introduction of DRG based on renewable energy into the power supply system of agro-industrial complex enterprises contributes to reducing the level of energy dependence of these enterprises and is one of the factors of increasing the competitiveness of manufactured products on the domestic and foreign markets due to the reduction of the cost of their production. The introduction of RES into the structures of the centralized power supply system of agricultural enterprises increases the reliability of power supply systems by providing electricity from two independent power sources. In addition, the amount of electricity received from the power supply company is significantly reduced. The use of artificial intelligence technology in the construction of control systems for the combined power supply systems of agro-industrial complex enterprises will increase the quality of electric energy, optimal use of RES and reduce abnormal modes of operation of the electrical complex of agro-industrial complex enterprises as a whole.
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