火车站和公共交通节点在“15分钟城市”发展中的潜在作用

IF 2.7 Q2 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Infrastructures Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI:10.3390/infrastructures8100141
Michał Wolański
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2016年,Carlos Moreno基于邻近性、多样性、密度和普遍性的原则提出了“15分钟城市”的概念。事实上,他重新制定(“重新发明”)了一些已经存在的规划原则,使它们被非专业人士认可和期望。然而,莫雷诺很少关注社区的外部连通性,认为大多数需求都可以在当地得到满足。本文旨在从交通规划的角度探讨“15分钟城市”的概念,并探讨该概念如何有助于此类规划。本文进行的研究综述表明,过去类似的行动导致了从使用汽车到公共交通的模式转变,而不是从根本上限制了总运输需求。简而言之,如果一个社区设计得很好,人们更有可能步行、骑自行车和使用公共交通工具,但大多数人仍然会在社区外上班。在巴塞罗那这个拥有理想“15分钟城市”的大都市,大多数居民要么开车上班,要么乘坐公共交通工具,这证明他们需要搬到社区之外。这使我们得出以下结论:(1)“15分钟城市”应纳入以交通为导向的发展理念,并将公共交通节点(如铁路或地铁站)作为可步行的多功能社区的中心点;(2)铁路/地铁站规划者应更加注重根据“15分钟城市”原则,在车站内外创造适当的服务组合。在未来,还应该更加强调将工作场所重新分配给社区,以及研究(改进的和当前的)“15分钟城市”设计对交通量的实际影响。
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The Potential Role of Railway Stations and Public Transport Nodes in the Development of “15-Minute Cities”
In 2016, Carlos Moreno proposed the concept of “15-minute cities” based on the principles of proximity, diversity, density, and ubiquity. In fact, he re-formulated (“re-invented”) some of the already existing planning principles, making them recognized and desired by non-professionals. Moreno, however, paid little attention to the external connectivity of neighborhoods, assuming that most needs would be satisfied locally. This paper aims to discuss the concept of “15-minute cities” from the transport planning point of view and investigate how the concept can contribute to such planning. The research review conducted in this paper suggests that similar actions in the past caused a modal shift from the use of cars to public transport, rather than a radical limitation of total transport needs. To simplify, if a neighborhood is well designed, people are more likely to walk, ride a bike, and use public transport, but the majority will still commute outside of the neighborhood for work. In the metropolis of the ideal “15-minute city”, Barcelona, the majority of the inhabitants travel to work either by car or public transport, which proves that they need to move outside the neighborhood. This leads us to the conclusions that (1) “15-minute cities” should incorporate the transit-oriented development concept and include public transport nodes, such as railways or underground stations, as the central point of walkable, multifunctional neighborhoods, and (2) railway/underground station planners should pay more attention to the creation of a proper mix of services at and around the stations according to “15-minute cities” principles. In the future, there should also be more emphasis on re-allocating workplaces to neighborhoods, as well as on researching the actual impact of the (improved and current) “15-minute cities” design on transport volumes.
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来源期刊
Infrastructures
Infrastructures Engineering-Building and Construction
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
7.70%
发文量
145
审稿时长
11 weeks
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