Adsorption of Ciprofloxacin Using Composite Film from PVA, Agarose and Maltodextrin

Antibiotic resistance is one of the most alarming problems today. Therefore, composite membranes have been widely applied for the removal of antibiotics from water. PVA/Agarose/Maltodextrin films have been synthesized by casting with various component ratios. They were evaluated for characteristics through moisture, solubility, expansion, and BET results. The results showed that PVA/Agarose/Maltodextrin films exhibited the best viability in the aquatic environment through low solubility (68.88% ± 0.03), high swelling (431.77% ± 5.89) and pore volume (0.034969 cm³/g). The adsorption capacity of PVA/Agarose/Maltodextrin was tested for several antibiotics such as Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline, Oxy-Tetracycline, and Chloramphenicol. The results showed that Ciprofloxacin was removed by the PVA/Agarose/Maltodextrin films better than other antibiotics. The highest antibiotic adsorption was obtained at 20 min, temperature of 30 °C, dosage of 2 g/L, pH 6, and antibiotic concentration of 40 mg/L. Ciprofloxacin adsorption was predicted through adsorption kinetic and isothermal models. The compatibility of the Pseudo First Order kinetic and Dubinin-Radushkevich isothermal has shown that adsorption takes place according to a physical adsorption mechanism with electrostatic interactions on the surface of the material. The maximum adsorption capacity recorded at 4.48 mg/g based on the Dubinin-Radushkevich isothermal.