Quantitative evaluation and challenges confronting dedicated green spaces in cities: a case study of Peshawar, Pakistan

The rapid population growth of cities has led to the loss of dedicated green spaces gradually and remarkably by constructing hard surfaces on them. These dedicated green spaces play a vital role in urban livability. Therefore, this study analysed the current provision of dedicated green spaces and identified the challenges faced in maintaining and improving these spaces in Peshawar, a metropolitan city in Pakistan. The findings of the study indicate a significant difference between the areas occupied by built-up and dedicated green spaces in the city. According to the analysis, the ratio of built-up area to dedicated green space in Peshawar city is 54% and 2%, respectively, with the remaining 44% of the land being used for other purposes, such as agriculture and barren land. The current per capita availability of green space in the city is 1.5 m2. This quantity is 3.5 m2 less than the National and 7.5 m2 lesser than the International standard set by WHO. It was suggested to policymakers, planners, and development authorities to prioritize the provision and preservation of dedicated green spaces in cities. This would not only improve the quality of life for the current population but also benefit future generations.