Risk Management in Reverse Supply Chain for Sustainable Agri-food Industry: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda

In implementing a Reverse Supply Chain (RSC) for food waste products, several risks must be borne by producers or third parties. This research aims to identify risks in RSC operations, analyze existing methods and approaches, and improve a further framework model for managing the risk of RSC for the sustainability of the agricultural food industry. Using the PRISMA protocol, data was collected from a systematic review and synthesis of 78 articles published between 2012 and 2021. The result showed that although several research have been carried out on RSC risk, there is still very little research on risk management in the agri-food industry. It also found the potential aspects for future research in managing RSC risk in the agri-food industry, include process risk by considering product damage, supply-demand uncertainty, quantity and quality product return uncertainty, transportation and technology, and financial and environmental risk. According to the literature, MILP and integration with other approaches are frequently used in decision-making to manage the risk of RSC. Exploration of future research requires developing RSC risk management in the integrated agri-food industry. Furthermore, it is important to optimize the risk management of the RSC by considering the complexity of the risk and designing the sustainability of the RSC network in the agri-food industry. Focus is presently on the Hybrid Intelligent Decision Support System (HIDSS) approach for the development of a concept is the most appropriate new concept to reduce various types of risks in the RSC of the agri-food industry.