防火钢筋混凝土建筑结构的耐火性能评定

R. Maiboroda, Yu. Otrosh, N. Rashkevich, R. Melezhyk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

作者对高层住宅发生火灾时低流动性人群的疏散现状进行了分析。通过对文献的分析,可以制定出高层住宅楼有效疏散人员的一些障碍。消防安全领域的规范并不完善,通常是针对普通公民的。疏散计算方法的目标是在发生火灾时减少疏散高层建筑居民所需的时间。作者证实了在发生火灾时,流动性较差的人群使用消防电梯进行安全自我疏散的可能性。在使用(不使用)消防电梯的情况下,使用Pathfinder软件对人员疏散时间进行了数学和图形计算。作者根据DSTU 8828:2019消防安全的方法,对火灾期间人员疏散时间和火灾疏散路线被危险因素阻塞的时间进行了数学计算。条款。基辅:“消防安全和消防设备”技术委员会。为了确认使用消防电梯疏散属于M4行动不便人群(坐轮椅的残疾人)的有效性,进行了计算部分。计算的对象是街上的一栋高层公寓楼。Baidy Vyshnevetskoho, 68岁,居住在切尔喀什。确定了疏散时间对不同流动人群运动参数的依赖关系。作者比较了通过楼梯井和使用消防电梯疏散时间的计算。消防电梯在疏散M4机动性组楼层的人员时是有效的。研究人员提出了管理解决方案,以提高消防安全水平,确保消防电梯始终准备就绪和可操作性,以便从高层住宅中疏散行动不便的人员。关键词:疏散通道,疏散出口,高层住宅,消防电梯,疏散时间。
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ASSESSMENT OF THE FIRE RESISTANCE OF BUILDINGS FROM FIREPROOF REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING STRUCTURES
The authors conducted an analysis of the current state of evacuation of low-mobility population groups from high-rise residential buildings in the event of a fire. The analysis of the literature made it possible to formulate a number of obstacles to the effective evacuation of people from high-rise residential buildings. Norms in the field of fire safety are not perfect and, as a rule, are aimed at ordinary categories of citizens. The goal of approaches to evacuation calculations is to reduce the time it takes to evacuate residents of a high-rise building in the event of a fire. The authors substantiated the possibility of safe self-evacuation in the event of a fire of the less mobile population groups using fire elevators. Mathematical and graphical calculations of people's evacuation time were carried out using the Pathfinder software complex with the use (without use) of fire elevators. The authors performed a mathematical calculation of the time of evacuation of people and the time of blocking by dangerous factors of fire evacuation routes during a fire in accordance with the methodology of DSTU 8828:2019 Fire safety. Terms. Kyiv: Technical Committee "Fire Safety and Fire Fighting Equipment". To confirm the effectiveness of using fire elevators for the evacuation of people belonging to the M4 population groups with limited mobility (disabled people who move around in wheelchairs), the calculation part was performed. The object of the calculations is a high-rise apartment building on the street. Baidy Vyshnevetskoho, 68 in Cherkasy. The authors determined the dependence of the evacuation time on the movement parameters of people of different mobility groups. The authors compared calculations of evacuation time by stairwell and using fire elevators. Fire elevators are effective when evacuating people from floors for the category of mobility group M4. The researchers proposed management solutions to increase the level of fire safety, ensure the constant readiness and operability of fire elevators for evacuating people with reduced mobility from high-rise residential buildings. Keywords: evacuation routes, evacuation exits, high-rise residential buildings, fire elevators, evacuation time.
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发文量
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审稿时长
4 weeks
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