在全球、国家和区域各级为粮食安全提供科学和教育

M. I. Korolev, A. I. Khorev, E. V. Gorkovenko, R. V. Nuzhdin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

确保粮食安全是解决社会政治问题的主要问题。社会经济因素证明了世界人口营养不良的严重性和规模是合理的,这使我们能够了解解决这一问题的方向。不受控制的粮食生产和消费会给人类带来灾难。在整个世界市场,特别是粮食市场高度不确定的现代条件下,在气候变化和大流行病蔓延等全球问题加剧的情况下,以及在俄罗斯今天在国际贸易和经济关系中所处的条件下,粮食安全问题比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。粮食安全是国家安全的战略组成部分之一,保障粮食安全是俄罗斯农业政策的主要优先事项。只有发展自己的生产才能保证粮食独立。特别重要的是,由于替代进口极为重要的粮食以及生产这些粮食所必需的一切,实现了该国最大程度的粮食安全。农业和食品工业在保障粮食安全方面发挥着决定性作用。大流行病的后果影响到区域和国家粮食安全的提供:由于消费者收入急剧下降和失业率上升,从经济上获得粮食的问题恶化了;食品消费文化发生了变化;由于普遍的炒作,消费者自己人为制造了食品短缺;由于边境关闭,活跃的进出口业务停止。这导致了物流链的复杂化和食品价格的急剧上涨。在这项研究的框架内,研究了确保全球、国家和区域粮食安全的科学和教育部分:确定了在新危机条件下加工业专家的职业培训和再培训领域的主要问题,列出了发展科学方向并随后将成果应用于农工综合体工业的有前途的领域,以及提高区域和国家粮食安全水平所需的食品原料深加工必要技术。提出了一些建议,以确保科学,科学和教育组织,实体经济部门企业和沃罗涅日地区行政部门之间的有效互动。
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Scientific and educational provision of food security at the global, national and regional levels
Ensuring food security is the main issue in solving socio-political problems. The severity and scale of poor-quality nutrition of the world's population are justified by socio-economic factors, which allows us to understand the directions of its solution. Uncontrolled food production and consumption can lead to a catastrophe for humanity. In modern conditions of high uncertainty on world markets in general, on food markets in particular, the intensification of global problems such as climate change and the spread of the pandemic, as well as the conditions in which Russia is placed today in international trade and economic relations, the problem of food security is becoming more urgent than ever before. Food security is one of the strategic components of the national security of the state, the provision of which is defined as the main priority of the agrarian policy of Russia. Only the development of own production will ensure food independence. Of particular importance is the achievement of the maximum level of food security of the country as a result of the substitution of imports of critically important food, as well as everything necessary for their production. Agriculture and the food industry play a decisive role in ensuring food security. The consequences of the pandemic have affected the provision of regional and national food security: the problem of economic accessibility of food has worsened due to a sharp drop in consumer incomes and rising unemployment; the culture of food consumption has changed; a shortage of food has formed, artificially created by consumers themselves due to the general hype; the stop of active export-import operations due to the closure of borders It has led to the complication of logistics chains and a sharp increase in food prices. Within the framework of the study, the scientific and educational component of ensuring global, national and regional food security was studied: the main problems in the field of vocational training and retraining of specialists of processing industries in new crisis conditions were identified, a list of promising areas for the development of scientific directions with subsequent application of the results in the agro-industrial complex industry, as well as the necessary technologies for deep processing of food raw materials needed to increase the level of regional and national food security. A number of recommendations are proposed to ensure effective interaction of scientific, scientific and educational organizations, enterprises of the real sector of the economy and the administration of the Voronezh region.
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