Overview of leprosy, including the diagnosis and current available treatments

The disease Hansen's is another name for leprosy. It is a communicable disease that can be treated and is still widespread in the majority of the world's nations. Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis are the most common causes of this chronic granulomatous infection, which mostly affects the skin and peripheral nerves.Leprosy has long been known as "the death before death" because of the immense social stigma and rejection that victims have endured from their families, communities, and even medical professionals in addition to the physical effects of the condition. Armauer Hansen, who discovered Mycobacterium leprae, stated that "there is hardly anything on earth, or between it and heaven, that has not been regarded as the cause of leprosy." "And this is but natural since the less one knows, the more actively does his imagination work"MDT has been the main weapon in the fight against leprosy since its inception in 1981, and by 2005, India had a prevalence of less than 1/10000. In India's fight against leprosy, this was a huge victory. Affected individuals numbered 0.69/10000 by the end of 2010.The pathogenesis, aetiology, treatment, diagnosis, and risk factors for leprosy are covered in this review article.