学生办公室内人员的挥发性有机化合物排放:与臭氧浓度的关系

IF 6.7 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL ACS Environmental Au Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI:10.1021/acsenvironau.3c00043
Yuekun Qu, Di Xie and Yingjun Liu*, 
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类居住者本身通过呼吸和皮肤排放构成了室内环境中挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 的重要来源。为了量化居住者在真实环境下的挥发性有机化合物排放,以往的室内观测研究通常会确定排放因子(即每人的平均排放率)。然而,这些研究得出的数值存在很大的差异,造成这种差异的原因仍有待了解。在此,我们使用质子转移反应-四极杆界面-飞行时间质谱仪,对某大学学生办公室的挥发性有机化合物进行了为期 10 天的实时测量。我们开发了一种方法来识别主要来源于人类的挥发性有机化合物,并量化相应的排放因子,同时考虑到被评估办公室中动态变化的占用率和通风率。我们发现,当臭氧浓度从 3 ppb 增加到 10-15 ppb 时,许多经皮肤排放的挥发性有机化合物的排放因子会显著增加。这些挥发性有机化合物包括香叶基丙酮、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮(6-MHO)和 C10-C12 饱和醛,它们与皮肤油的第一代臭氧分解产物特征一致。6-MHO 的增幅最大,从 113 μg/h/p 增至 337 μg/h/p。相比之下,主要从人体呼吸中排放的丙酮和异戊二烯随臭氧水平的变化很小。有鉴于此,我们对文献中报道的两种常见物质(即 6-MHO 和癸醛)的排放因子进行了综合分析。在以往的研究中,仅臭氧浓度就能解释这两种物质排放因子 94-97% 的变化,而且利用文献数据得出的最佳估计臭氧依赖性与本次研究得出的结果一致。这些结果表明,在真实的室内环境中,臭氧浓度是调节许多经皮肤排放的挥发性有机化合物排放因子的关键因素,在报告或使用排放因子时必须考虑到这一点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from Human Occupants in a Student Office: Dependence on Ozone Concentration

Human occupants themselves constitute an important source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor environments through breath and dermal emissions. In order to quantify VOC emissions from occupants under real-world settings, previous indoor observational studies often determined emission factors (i.e., average emission rates per person). However, the values obtained across these studies exhibited large variability, and the causes of this variability still need to be understood. Herein we report 10-day real-time VOC measurements in a university student office, using a proton transfer reaction-quadrupole interface-time-of-flight mass spectrometer. A method was developed to identify VOCs of primary human origin and to quantify the corresponding emission factors, accounting for the dynamically changing occupancy level and ventilation rate in the assessed office. We found that the emission factors of many dermally emitted VOCs strongly increased as the ozone concentration increased from <3 to 10–15 ppb. These VOCs include geranyl acetone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6-MHO), and C10-C12 saturated aldehydes, which align with characteristic first-generation ozonolysis products of skin oil. The strongest increase occurred for 6-MHO, from 113 to 337 μg/h/p. In comparison, acetone and isoprene, which are primarily emitted from human breath, varied little with the ozone level. In light of this finding, we conducted an integrated analysis of emission factors reported in the literature for two frequently reported species, namely, 6-MHO and decanal. Ozone concentration alone can explain 94–97% of the variation in their emission factors across previous studies, and the best-estimated ozone dependence obtained using the literature data is consistent with those obtained in the current study. These results suggest that the ozone concentration is a key factor regulating emission factors of many dermally emitted VOCs in real indoor environments, which has to be considered when reporting or using the emission factors.

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ACS Environmental Au
ACS Environmental Au 环境科学-
CiteScore
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0.00%
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0
期刊介绍: ACS Environmental Au is an open access journal which publishes experimental research and theoretical results in all aspects of environmental science and technology both pure and applied. Short letters comprehensive articles reviews and perspectives are welcome in the following areas:Alternative EnergyAnthropogenic Impacts on Atmosphere Soil or WaterBiogeochemical CyclingBiomass or Wastes as ResourcesContaminants in Aquatic and Terrestrial EnvironmentsEnvironmental Data ScienceEcotoxicology and Public HealthEnergy and ClimateEnvironmental Modeling Processes and Measurement Methods and TechnologiesEnvironmental Nanotechnology and BiotechnologyGreen ChemistryGreen Manufacturing and EngineeringRisk assessment Regulatory Frameworks and Life-Cycle AssessmentsTreatment and Resource Recovery and Waste Management
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