{"title":"1991 - 1995年俄罗斯银行体系的起源","authors":"Ivan M. Baydakov","doi":"10.18288/1994-5124-2023-4-36-57","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a history of Russia’s modern banking sector. Russia has stabilized after a great many socio-economic and socio-cultural transformations, and the time is apt for a historical treatment of the topic. The author analyzes the development of the banking system from its beginnings during perestroika when the first commercial banks appeared in the Russian Federation. The formation of the Russian State Bank in July 1991 initiated the first stage of development, which ended in late 1995 when the banking community was able to recover from Russia’s first systemic banking crisis and adapt to market realities. The article identifies and analyzes the distinctive features of the banking sector during the first stage of its formation. Before perestroika, the main task of the Soviet Union’s single-tier banking system was to arrange financing for the economy and supervise budgetary spending and estimates. Even during its early stages the Russian banking system began to coalesce into two tiers as banks were exposed to market conditions, gained experience in commercial credit, and dealt in market-based financial instruments. When the Soviet Union collapsed, there were 869 banking organizations operating in Russia, and these provided a basis for structuring the banking sector during the next stage of the economy. After 1991 the country had to meet the challenge of detaching the economy of the RSFSR from the post-Soviet republics, rebuilding a system for mutual settlements in a national economy disrupted by crisis, and finding ways to regulate the banking sector and make it more reliable","PeriodicalId":43996,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomicheskaya politika","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Origin of the Russian Banking System From 1991 to 1995\",\"authors\":\"Ivan M. Baydakov\",\"doi\":\"10.18288/1994-5124-2023-4-36-57\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The article provides a history of Russia’s modern banking sector. Russia has stabilized after a great many socio-economic and socio-cultural transformations, and the time is apt for a historical treatment of the topic. The author analyzes the development of the banking system from its beginnings during perestroika when the first commercial banks appeared in the Russian Federation. The formation of the Russian State Bank in July 1991 initiated the first stage of development, which ended in late 1995 when the banking community was able to recover from Russia’s first systemic banking crisis and adapt to market realities. The article identifies and analyzes the distinctive features of the banking sector during the first stage of its formation. Before perestroika, the main task of the Soviet Union’s single-tier banking system was to arrange financing for the economy and supervise budgetary spending and estimates. Even during its early stages the Russian banking system began to coalesce into two tiers as banks were exposed to market conditions, gained experience in commercial credit, and dealt in market-based financial instruments. When the Soviet Union collapsed, there were 869 banking organizations operating in Russia, and these provided a basis for structuring the banking sector during the next stage of the economy. After 1991 the country had to meet the challenge of detaching the economy of the RSFSR from the post-Soviet republics, rebuilding a system for mutual settlements in a national economy disrupted by crisis, and finding ways to regulate the banking sector and make it more reliable\",\"PeriodicalId\":43996,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ekonomicheskaya politika\",\"volume\":\"17 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ekonomicheskaya politika\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.18288/1994-5124-2023-4-36-57\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ECONOMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ekonomicheskaya politika","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18288/1994-5124-2023-4-36-57","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Origin of the Russian Banking System From 1991 to 1995
The article provides a history of Russia’s modern banking sector. Russia has stabilized after a great many socio-economic and socio-cultural transformations, and the time is apt for a historical treatment of the topic. The author analyzes the development of the banking system from its beginnings during perestroika when the first commercial banks appeared in the Russian Federation. The formation of the Russian State Bank in July 1991 initiated the first stage of development, which ended in late 1995 when the banking community was able to recover from Russia’s first systemic banking crisis and adapt to market realities. The article identifies and analyzes the distinctive features of the banking sector during the first stage of its formation. Before perestroika, the main task of the Soviet Union’s single-tier banking system was to arrange financing for the economy and supervise budgetary spending and estimates. Even during its early stages the Russian banking system began to coalesce into two tiers as banks were exposed to market conditions, gained experience in commercial credit, and dealt in market-based financial instruments. When the Soviet Union collapsed, there were 869 banking organizations operating in Russia, and these provided a basis for structuring the banking sector during the next stage of the economy. After 1991 the country had to meet the challenge of detaching the economy of the RSFSR from the post-Soviet republics, rebuilding a system for mutual settlements in a national economy disrupted by crisis, and finding ways to regulate the banking sector and make it more reliable
期刊介绍:
Ekonomicheskaya Politika is a broad-range economic journal devoted primarily to the study of the economic policy of present-day Russia as well as global economic problems. The subject matters of articles includes macroeconomic, fiscal, monetary, industrial, social, regulation and competition policyand more. The journal also publishes theoretical papers in such areas as political economy, general economic theory, welfare economics, law and economics,and institutional economics.. The character and the scope of economic problems studied in many publications require a multidisciplinary approach, consistent with the editorial policy of the journal. While the thematic scope of articles is generally related to Russia, the aim of editorial policy is to cover politico-economic processes in the modern world and international economic relations, as well. In addition, Ekonomicheskaya Politika publishes Russian translations of classical and significant modern works of foreign economists.