Meteorological drought analysis in Pali District of Rajasthan State using standard precipitation index

Droughts are very devastating natural hazards that affects large extent of land and causes great economic losses. Droughts are determined by a deficit of water availability over a long time period, due to consistently below average precipitation in that region. The study aimed to discuss the effects of drought with its various features and the frequency of occurrence. To analyse the meteorological drought the study utilises the standard precipitation index (SPI) at different time scales, i.e., 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Monthly rainfall data for 1901-2002 were utilised from 47 meteorological stations scattered in the study area to assess SPI values. The drought severity and duration are also estimated. The analysed result shows that most of the drought events fall in mild drought category according to the SPI classification. However, the severe drought events were much harmful on some part of the study area due to its low annual rainfall rates. The analysis would help to determine the risk of future droughts in the region, to analyse their effects on economy, the environment, and society, and to take steps to mitigate the impact of droughts.