Protein PRDM16 and its importance for adipose tissue (literature review)

Currently, in Russia and in the world, there is an increase in the proportion of overweight and obese people among the population, which contributes to an increase in the number of socially significant diseases. Obesity is associated with the predominance of the proportion of fat mass in the component composition of the body. Based on this, increased attention is paid to a comprehensive study of the functioning of all types of human adipose tissue, which is necessary for the further use of this knowledge in the fight against obesity. This article provides an overview of the literature data on the structure and properties of the PRDM16 gene, the features of its functioning in brown, white and beige adipose tissue. The influence of the PRDM16 gene on the activation of brown adipogenesis and the formation of beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue, which contribute to increased heat production of cells by means of non-contractile thermogenesis and improvement of metabolic parameters of the body, is considered. Data on the role of PRDM16 protein in the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and other human diseases associated with it are analyzed. The results on the methods of effective activation of brown and beige adipocytes and the use of these methods in the treatment of obesity are presented.