急性甲醇中毒

EMC - Toxicologie-Pathologie Pub Date : 2004-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.emctp.2003.10.001

D Lamiable , G Hoizey , H Marty , R Vistelle

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引用次数: 0

摘要

甲醇是工业上常用的溶剂，也是家用的防冻剂和清洗剂。其主要代谢物(甲酸)本身毒性较弱，可引起严重的眼部和神经毒性。中毒的诊断是基于酸中毒的共存，阴离子间隙和渗透性间隙增加，再加上血液中甲醇的存在。治疗包括碱化，给予甲醇代谢抑制剂(乙醇，4-甲基吡唑)和严重病例的血液透析。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Intoxication aiguë au méthanol

Methanol is an alcohol frequently used as a solvent in the industry, and as an antifreeze and cleaning agent for domestic use. Weakly toxic by itself, its main metabolite (formic acid) induces severe ocular and neurological toxicities. The diagnostic of an intoxication is based on the coexistence of acidosis with increased anion gap and osmolar gap coupled with the presence of methanol in blood. Treatment involves alcalinization, administration of inhibitors of methanol metabolism (ethanol, 4-methylpyrazole) and hemodialysis for severe cases.

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