天空是蓝色的,还有一些其他的原因,量子力学不是没有证据的

IF 1.5 1区 哲学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE European Journal for Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-18 DOI:10.1007/s13194-023-00557-2
David Wallace
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引用次数: 13

摘要

我批评一种被广泛捍卫的观点,即量子测量问题是证据对理论的不充分决定的一个例子:更具体地说,这种观点认为,未经修改的、单一的量子形式主义(按照埃弗雷特的解释)在经验上与波西米亚力学和像GRW或CSL理论这样的动态坍缩理论无法区分。我认为,目前还没有任何一种理论在经验上成功地推广到相互作用的量子场论,因此,明显的不确定性被一个非常大的量子实验所打破,这些实验需要在它们的描述中包含场论。这两种方法都无法重现的量子实验比人们普遍认为的要小得多,而且还排除了量子力学中许多最具标志性的成功,包括解释天空颜色的瑞利散射的定量描述。我对最近文献中各种相反的论点作出回应。
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The sky is blue, and other reasons quantum mechanics is not underdetermined by evidence

I criticize the widely-defended view that the quantum measurement problem is an example of underdetermination of theory by evidence: more specifically, the view that the unmodified, unitary quantum formalism (interpreted following Everett) is empirically indistinguishable from Bohmian Mechanics and from dynamical-collapse theories like the GRW or CSL theories. I argue that there as yet no empirically successful generalization of either theory to interacting quantum field theory and so the apparent underdetermination is broken by a very large class of quantum experiments that require field theory somewhere in their description. The class of quantum experiments reproducible by either is much smaller than is commonly recognized and excludes many of the most iconic successes of quantum mechanics, including the quantitative account of Rayleigh scattering that explains the color of the sky. I respond to various arguments to the contrary in the recent literature.

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来源期刊
European Journal for Philosophy of Science
European Journal for Philosophy of Science HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
13.30%
发文量
57
期刊介绍: The European Journal for Philosophy of Science publishes groundbreaking works that can deepen understanding of the concepts and methods of the sciences, as they explore increasingly many facets of the world we live in. It is of direct interest to philosophers of science coming from different perspectives, as well as scientists, citizens and policymakers. The journal is interested in articles from all traditions and all backgrounds, as long as they engage with the sciences in a constructive, and critical, way. The journal represents the various longstanding European philosophical traditions engaging with the sciences, but welcomes articles from every part of the world.
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