黑死病对经济的影响

IF 11.5 1区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Journal of Economic Literature Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI:10.1257/jel.20201639
Remi Jedwab,Noel D. Johnson,Mark Koyama
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引用次数: 0

摘要

黑死病是欧洲历史上最大的人口冲击。我们回顾了该疾病的起源、传播和死亡率的证据。我们证明,这对欧洲经济来说是一个看似合理的外生冲击,并在短期和长期内追踪其总体和局部影响。鼠疫最初的影响极具破坏性。工资和人均收入增加。但是,从长期来看,这种增长只在欧洲的一些地区得以维持。黑死病的其他间接长期影响与欧洲相对于世界其他地区的增长有关,特别是亚洲和中东(大分流),欧洲经济地理向西北转移(小分流),西欧农奴制的消亡,宗教机构权威的下降,以及更强大国家的出现。最后,对今后的研究方向进行了展望。(jel n13, n30, n43, j10, i12, i14, i30)
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The Economic Impact of the Black Death
The Black Death was the largest demographic shock in European history. We review the evidence for the origins, spread, and mortality of the disease. We document that it was a plausibly exogenous shock to the European economy and trace out its aggregate and local impacts in both the short run and the long run. The initial effect of the plague was highly disruptive. Wages and per capita income rose. But, in the long run, this rise was only sustained in some parts of Europe. The other indirect long-run effects of the Black Death are associated with the growth of Europe relative to the rest of the world, especially Asia and the Middle East (the Great Divergence), a shift in the economic geography of Europe toward the northwest (the Little Divergence), the demise of serfdom in western Europe, a decline in the authority of religious institutions, and the emergence of stronger states. Finally, avenues for future research are laid out. (JEL N13, N30, N43, J10, I12, I14, I30)
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来源期刊
CiteScore
17.80
自引率
0.80%
发文量
49
期刊介绍: Commencing in 1969, the Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) serves as a vital resource for economists, offering a means to stay informed about the extensive literature in the field. Each JEL issue features commissioned, peer-reviewed survey and review articles, book reviews, an annotated bibliography categorizing new books by subject, and an annual index of dissertations from North American universities.
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