利用Ge/Si比值沿侵蚀速率梯度量化临界带的生物和非生物硅通量

IF 1.9 3区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY American Journal of Science Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI:10.2475/08.2021.03
Patrick J. Frings,Franziska Schubring,Marcus Oelze,Friedhelm von Blanckenburg
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引用次数: 0

摘要

硅(Si)是许多植物和藻类的重要营养物质,硅的最终来源是硅酸盐矿物的风化反应。这些问题启发了硅同位素地球化学在定量临界带硅循环中的应用,尽管解释往往模棱两可。由于锗(Ge)的地球化学与硅相似,Ge/Si比值被认为是一种示踪剂,为硅循环提供了额外的约束。在这里,我们提供了三个地点的Ge/Si比值,这些地点跨越了侵蚀速率梯度,因此材料在风化带中花费的时间在被移除之前。我们展示了来自瑞士中部阿尔卑斯山脉、南加州内华达山脉和斯里兰卡高地的大块岩石、土壤和腐岩、粘土大小的组分、植物生物量和河水中的Ge/Si比值。我们的数据执行两个功能。首先,它们提供了对Ge/Si系统的洞察。特别是,我们记录了植物生物量中存在大量与植物岩无关的Ge,这表明总体而言,植物在吸收过程中不会歧视Ge而不是Si。我们还量化了Ge在粘土矿物中的优先掺入。研究表明,次生粘土的Ge/Si比值可能比河流溶质的Ge/Si比值更能代表风化强度(化学剥蚀的比例)。次生粘土矿物的Ge/Si比值作为风化强度指标的表现也与硅同位素相当,甚至优于硅同位素。其次,将Ge/Si数据与硅同位素数据结合使用,建立流域Si质量平衡模型。这表明,在较短的风化层停留时间内,次级分选固体(主要是粘土和植物物质)的输出变得越来越重要:在快速侵蚀的阿尔卑斯遗址,总溶解Si的80−24+15%,而在缓慢侵蚀的斯里兰卡遗址,这一比例为32−20+22%。结果还表明,植物材料是这些流域硅出口的一个惊人的大贡献者,可能相当于溶解硅出口的25%至110%。
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Quantifying biotic and abiotic Si fluxes in the Critical Zone with Ge/Si ratios along a gradient of erosion rates
Silicon (Si) is an important nutrient for many plant and algae species, and the ultimate source of Si is silicate mineral weathering reactions. These topics have inspired the application of Si isotope geochemistry to quantifying Si cycling in the Critical Zone, though the interpretations are often equivocal. Because germanium (Ge) geochemistry is similar to that of Si, the Ge/Si ratio is considered a tracer that provides additional constraints on Si cycling. Here, we provide Ge/Si ratios for three sites that span a gradient of erosion rates and thus time that material spends in the weathering zone before being removed. We present Ge/Si ratios in bulk rock, soil and saprolite, clay-size fractions, plant biomass, and river water from the Central Swiss Alps, the southern Californian Sierra Nevada, and the highlands of Sri Lanka. Our data perform two functions. First, they provide insight into the Ge/Si system. In particular, we document the presence of a substantial pool of Ge in plant biomass that is not associated with phytoliths, suggesting that overall plants do not discriminate against Ge relative to Si during uptake. We also quantify the preferential incorporation of Ge into clay minerals. We show that Ge/Si ratios in secondary clays may be a better proxy for weathering intensity (the fraction of denudation achieved chemically) than the Ge/Si ratio of river solutes. Ge/Si ratios in secondary clay minerals also perform as well as or even better than silicon isotopes as weathering intensity proxies. Second, the Ge/Si data are used in conjunction with silicon isotope data to develop a catchment Si mass-balance model. It suggests that the export of secondary, fractionated solids (largely clays and plant material) becomes increasingly important at shorter regolith residence times: 80−24+15% of total solubilized Si in the rapidly eroding Alps site, vs. 32−20+22% in the slowly eroding Sri Lanka site. The results also suggest that plant material is a surprisingly large contributor to Si export from these catchments, likely equivalent to 25 to110 % of dissolved Si export.
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来源期刊
American Journal of Science
American Journal of Science 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
3.40%
发文量
17
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Science (AJS), founded in 1818 by Benjamin Silliman, is the oldest scientific journal in the United States that has been published continuously. The Journal is devoted to geology and related sciences and publishes articles from around the world presenting results of major research from all earth sciences. Readers are primarily earth scientists in academia and government institutions.
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