特异性自身抗体在神经退行性疾病中的作用:致病抗体还是有望用于诊断的生物标记物

IF 3 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Antibodies Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI:10.3390/antib12040081
Dimitrina Miteva, G. Vasilev, T. Velikova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

神经退行性疾病(ndd)影响着全世界数百万人。它们的发生是由于各种错误折叠蛋白的病理积累和聚集、轴突和突触的丧失和功能障碍、炎症、细胞骨架异常、DNA和RNA缺陷以及神经元死亡。这导致免疫反应的激活和抗体的释放。近年来,自身抗体(Aabs)可导致脱髓鞘、轴突丧失、脑和认知功能障碍。这极大地改变了对体液自身免疫参与神经退行性疾病的理解。了解神经炎症如何参与神经退行性变是至关重要的,有助于提高未来Aabs的诊断和治疗价值。本综述旨在提供免疫系统在ndd中的作用,一些针对最常见ndd相关分子的特异性抗体的致病作用,以及它们作为监测和诊断ndd的生物标志物的潜在作用。提示ndd的自身免疫方面将有助于早期诊断,并有助于阐明这些疾病以前未知的病理生物学方面。
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Role of Specific Autoantibodies in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pathogenic Antibodies or Promising Biomarkers for Diagnosis
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) affect millions of people worldwide. They develop due to the pathological accumulation and aggregation of various misfolded proteins, axonal and synaptic loss and dysfunction, inflammation, cytoskeletal abnormalities, defects in DNA and RNA, and neuronal death. This leads to the activation of immune responses and the release of the antibodies against them. Recently, it has become clear that autoantibodies (Aabs) can contribute to demyelination, axonal loss, and brain and cognitive dysfunction. This has significantly changed the understanding of the participation of humoral autoimmunity in neurodegenerative disorders. It is crucial to understand how neuroinflammation is involved in neurodegeneration, to aid in improving the diagnostic and therapeutic value of Aabs in the future. This review aims to provide data on the immune system’s role in NDDs, the pathogenic role of some specific Aabs against molecules associated with the most common NDDs, and their potential role as biomarkers for monitoring and diagnosing NDDs. It is suggested that the autoimmune aspects of NDDs will facilitate early diagnosis and help to elucidate previously unknown aspects of the pathobiology of these diseases.
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来源期刊
Antibodies
Antibodies IMMUNOLOGY-
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
6.40%
发文量
68
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Antibodies (ISSN 2073-4468), an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to antibodies and antigens. It publishes reviews, research articles, communications and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure - if unable to be published in a normal way - can be deposited as supplementary material. This journal covers all topics related to antibodies and antigens, topics of interest include (but are not limited to): antibody-producing cells (including B cells), antibody structure and function, antibody-antigen interactions, Fc receptors, antibody manufacturing antibody engineering, antibody therapy, immunoassays, antibody diagnosis, tissue antigens, exogenous antigens, endogenous antigens, autoantigens, monoclonal antibodies, natural antibodies, humoral immune responses, immunoregulatory molecules.
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