Mycotoxin mitigation approaches in selected developed and developing countries

Rapid population growth leading to increased demand for poultry has intensified poultry production over the years. However, research has detected the presence of mycotoxin contaminations, such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, etc. in foodstuffs for human consumption and poultry feed. Mycotoxin contamination in feedstuffs might ultimately have adverse impacts on human health. As it is vital to mitigate mycotoxin at the national level, this study reviews the mycotoxin mitigation approaches for foodstuffs and feedstuffs in selected developed and developing countries, namely the United Kingdom, Singapore, Taiwan, and Malaysia. The present review focuses on the legislative frameworks, relevant national authorities, mycotoxin determination analyses, and other initiatives related to mycotoxin management. Analysis indicated that every selected country has respective national authorities and stipulated regulations for regulating mycotoxin levels in foodstuffs. However, not all mycotoxin types and foodstuffs are covered. Furthermore, not all countries have regulatory frameworks to control the mycotoxin levels in feedstuffs. Hence, it is still a challenge because of the inevitable impact on human health.