Multiple Primary Malignant Tumours

Two or more histologically distinct malignancies in one individual are termed as multiple primary malignant tumours (MPMT). The incidence of these cases has been rising over the past few decades, primarily due to improved methods for cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. They can show up as metachronous lesions later on or synchronously with the index malignancy. The precise aetiology is still unknown; however, a number of epidemiological variables have been proposed as potential risk factors. Modern imaging techniques are very helpful in the diagnosing process. Physician awareness is essential in order to raise suspicions about the potential for MPMT and to conduct appropriate investigations. There are currently no universal protocols based on evidence; instead, management is empirical and dependent on the judgments made by interdisciplinary teams.