B.帕斯卡尔与哲学-人类学世界观

Q3 Arts and Humanities Sententiae Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI:10.31649/sent01.01.066
Hanna Horak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文旨在阐明帕斯卡尔哲学在哲学人类学世界观发展中的地位。哲学人类学世界观/思想是指将人视为一种复杂现象和哲学研究的关键主题的趋势。作者认为,这种倾向导致了哲学人类学作为一门哲学学科在 20 世纪的出现。作者分析了帕斯卡尔哲学中的一些思想与哲学人类学主要假设的对应关系:(1) 人是 "会思考的棍子 "的思想;(2) 人是灵魂与肉体、理性与激情的矛盾结合体的思想,这两方面对于人的存在都是重要和必要的;(3) 人是同时存在于过去、现在和未来的存在物的思想;(4) 人是通过意识到自身的死亡而追求无限和超越的存在物的思想。笔者认为,上述一系列思想,尤其是这些思想对帕斯卡尔哲学的意义,使我们完全有理由将帕斯卡尔的学说视为哲学人类学世界观发展过程中的一个重要里程碑,而帕斯卡尔本人则是哲学人类学的先驱,在他的思想中,这些思想尚未发展成为哲学人类学作为一门哲学学科的理论基础体系。
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B. Pascal and the philosophico-anthropological worldview
The aim of the article is to clarify the status of Pascal's philosophy in the development of philosophical and anthropological worldview. The philosophico-anthropological worldview/thinking refers to the tendency to consider man as a complex phenomenon and the key subject of philosophical research. This tendency, according to the author, led to the emergence of philosophical anthropology as a philosophical discipline of its kind in the 20th century. The author analyses a number of ideas of Pascal's philosophy for their correspondence to the key postulates of philosophical anthropology: (1) the idea of man as a "thinking stick"; (2) the idea of man as a contradictory combination of soul and body, reason and passions, both aspects of which are significant and necessary for a human existence; (3) the idea of man as a being that exists simultaneously in the past, present and future; (4) the idea of man as a being who, through the awareness of his own mortality, strives for infinity and transcendence. In the author's opinion, the above-mentioned range of ideas, especially in view of their significance for Pascal's philosophy, gives every reason to consider Pascal's doctrine as an important milestone in the development of the philosophico-anthropological worldview, and Pascal himself as a harbinger of philosophical anthropology, in whose thinking these ideas have not yet developed into a system of theoretical foundations of philosophical anthropology as a philosophical discipline.
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来源期刊
Sententiae
Sententiae Arts and Humanities-Philosophy
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: Sententiae is historico-philosophical open access journal. Journal created by Modern philosophy''s research group (Pascalian society). Founded in 2000. Published twice a year, in June and December. Our purpose is to foster the development of a wide gamut of contemporary approaches, active implementation of them into research practice, and establishment of high standards of teaching philosophy basing on the achievements of contemporary history of philosophy. Our key priority is to ensure the empirical substantiation of historico-philosophical conceptions, basing on the criteria of literality, exhaustivity, contextuality and taking into account the existing speculative interpretations. Jean-Luc Marion was the first to formulate this set of criteria in 1998 as the main features of contemporary researches of Descartes''s philosophy. We regard these principles as the methodological background of any substantiated research method in the history of philosophy. Publishing materials on all historico-philosophical topics, we pay special attention to researches in terminology, issues of philosophical translation and untranslatability, manuscript researches (including handwritten heritage of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy professors of ХVІІ–ХVІІІ century), and cover the development of large-scale projects in this area. We also publish new bilingual and commented Ukrainian translations of classical foreign philosophical texts. Among our priorities there is also a coverage of the history of philosophical thought in Ukraine and other Eastern European countries and its relations to the wider cultural context (theology, literature, natural sciences, political ideology etc). The content of each issue is distributed according to Genre Sections and Thematic Headings. Currently there are 10 Genre Sections.
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