在新教育范式时代实现基-哈贾尔-迪万塔拉思想的 "正确水平教学

Anisa Faradila, Ika Priantari, Farizatul Qamariyah
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摘要

Ki Hadjar Dewantara 是日惹皇宫贵族的后裔,对教育极为关注,并提出了国民教育的哲学概念。根据 Ki Hadjar Dewantara 的观点,教育是一个引导每个学生的内在潜能,使其作为社会一分子获得最高水平的福祉和幸福的过程。教育作为儿童生命成长的指导,反映了 Ki Hadjar Dewantara 的信念,即学生的每一次发展都是教师无法控制或以教师的意志为转移的。正如国民教育一样,基于 Ki Hadjar Dewantara 的思想,政府目前正在构建一种新的教育范式,通过 "正确水平的教学"(TaRL)方法,让教师灵活地创造课堂学习。新教育范式的灵活特点与基-哈扎尔-杜万塔拉的教育哲学相吻合,是印尼教育发展的新希望。为了确定新教育范式的理念与实地实施的兼容性,有必要进一步研究 Ki Hadjar Dewantara 的思想与新教育范式中 TaRL 的实施是否一致。本研究采用了文献综述研究方法。结果表明,Ki Hadjar Dewantara 的哲学思想与在高中阶段实施新教育范式中的 TaRL 是一致的。根据这项文献综述研究,可以得出结论,在学校实施 TaRL 可以被视为 Ki Hadjar Dewantara 思想的体现。
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Teaching at The Right Level sebagai Wujud Pemikiran Ki Hadjar Dewantara di Era Paradigma Baru Pendidikan
Ki Hadjar Dewantara, a descendant of the aristocracy of the Yogyakarta Palace, with a profound concern for education, has given rise to a philosophical concept of National Education. According to Ki Hadjar Dewantara, education is a process of guiding every inherent potential in each student to achieve the highest level of well-being and happiness as part of society. Education, as a guidance in the growth of a child's life, reflects Ki Hadjar Dewantara's belief that every development of a student is something beyond the control or will of a teacher. Just as National Education, based on Ki Hadjar Dewantara's thoughts, the government is currently constructing a new paradigm of education that is flexible for teachers in creating classroom learning through the Teaching at The Right Level (TaRL) approach. The alignment of the flexible characteristics in the new paradigm of education with the philosophical education of Ki Hadjar Dewantara is a new hope in the development of education in Indonesia. To determine the compatibility of the concept of the new education paradigm with the implementation in the field, it is necessary to further examine the alignment of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's thoughts with the implementation of TaRL in the new education paradigm. This study employs literature review research. The results show that there is alignment between the philosophical thinking of Ki Hadjar Dewantara and the implementation of TaRL in the new education paradigm at the Senior High School level. Based on this literature review research, it can be concluded that the implementation of TaRL in schools can be considered as a manifestation of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's thoughts.
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