Results of Surgical Correction of Fixed Flexion Deformity during Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patient of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Comprehensive Review

Background: Fixed flexion deformity (FFD) is a common manifestation of knee osteoarthritis (OA) that significantly impacts patients' functional abilities and quality of life. Surgical correction of FFD during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to restore joint alignment and improve range of motion. However, a comprehensive understanding of the outcomes and factors influencing the success of this procedure is essential. Objectives: This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the results of surgical correction of FFD during TKA in patients with knee OA. It examines the surgical techniques used, evaluates functional outcomes, pain relief, and range of motion improvements, and assesses the reported rates of complications. Additionally, the durability of the correction and its impact on patient satisfaction and quality of life are explored. Factors influencing long-term success or failure of the procedure are identified. Conclusions: Surgical correction of FFD during TKA has shown promising results in terms of functional improvements, pain relief, and range of motion. Patients experience enhanced functional abilities and improved quality of life following surgery. While complications can occur, meticulous surgical techniques, proper patient selection, and adherence to best practices can help minimize their occurrence. Factors such as surgical technique, patient compliance with rehabilitation, implant selection, and patient-specific characteristics influence the long-term success of the procedure.