在巴西陆生哺乳动物研究中使用相机陷阱:历史、方法应用和前景

Maria Eduarda Soares Alberti, Barbara Lima-Silva
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摘要

照相机诱捕器被广泛用于研究世界各地的陆生哺乳动物。在过去的二十年里(2003-2023 年),照相机捕捉器经历了无数次改进和完善,使其能够应用于最多样化的研究类型。在这篇综述中,我们旨在介绍相机陷阱在巴西陆生哺乳动物研究中的历史背景、应用和未来展望。我们分析了 2003 年至 2023 年间发表的 339 篇经同行评审的研究报告。这些研究的最初取样年份从 1998 年到 2020 年不等,其中大部分(287 项研究)集中在 2005 年以后。这些研究主要集中在巴西的东南部(132 项)和中西部(78 项)地区,这些地区历来获得较多的财政支持和研究援助。研究最多的生物群落是大西洋森林(164 项),而卡廷加和潘帕地区的研究数量最少(分别为 30 项和 8 项)。 大多数研究集中在物种组成和丰富度(93 项)、栖息地和生境利用(70 项)以及活动模式(65 项)等方面。考虑到有关巴西北部和东北部哺乳动物出现和分布的知识空白,我们建议将研究投资转向这些地区,以及历史上被忽视的生物群落,如卡廷加和潘帕。
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Use of camera traps in the research on terrestrial mammals in Brazil: history, methodological applications, and perspectives
Camera traps are widely employed for studying terrestrial mammals worldwide. Over the past two decades (2003-2023), they have undergone numerous advancements and refinements, making their application possible for the most diverse study types. In this review, we aim to present a historical background, applications, and future perspectives on the use of camera traps in the research on terrestrial mammals in Brazil. We analyzed 339 peer-reviewed studies published between 2003 and 2023. The initial sampling years of these studies range from 1998 to 2020, with the majority (287 studies) concentrated from 2005 onwards. The studies were primarily focused on the southeast (132) and midwest (78) regions of Brazil - areas that historically receive more financial support and research assistance. The most featured biome was the Atlantic Forest (164), while the Caatinga and Pampa exhibited the lowest number of studies (30 and 8, respectively).  Most of the studies were focused on aspects of species composition and richness (93), occupancy and habitat use (70), and activity patterns (65). Considering the knowledge gaps on mammal occurrence and distribution in North and Northeast Brazil, we suggest directing research investments toward these regions, as well as for historically neglected biomes, such as Caatinga and Pampa.
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