评估动物饮食中矿物质缺乏的影响

L. Kokolova, L. Gavrilyeva, Е. Sleptsov, Е. Pribylykh
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摘要

本文研究了干饲料和多汁饲料中的微量--宏量营养元素的含量,以提高动物的生产率,并且必须采取措施预防因动物日粮中缺乏宏量--微量营养元素而引起的疾病。为了提高生产率,必须预防因动物饮食中缺乏矿物质而引起的疾病。在养牛和养马的雅库特地区,与体内代谢过程受损有关的动物疾病非常普遍。对动物机体非常重要的宏量微量元素必须保持必要的数量。它们在体内参与形成生物活性很强的物质,如激素、维生素和酶。如果土壤、饲料、水中缺乏或过量这些微量元素,动物体内就会产生和发展特定的代谢疾病,导致生产力下降、繁殖力降低甚至死亡。最常见的是缺碘引起的地方性甲状腺肿、缺硒引起的白肌病、缺铁引起的贫血等。因此,文章作者认为,动物饮食中缺乏矿物质、宏量和微量元素是雅库特现代畜牧业中最严重的问题之一。
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Assessment of the effect of mineral deficiency in the diet of animals
In this article, the content of micro- macroelements in dry and juicy feeds is studied to increase the productivity of animals and it is essential to take measures to prevent diseases caused by a deficiency of macro-microelements in the diet of animals. To increase productivity, it is essential to prevent diseases caused by a deficiency of minerals in the diet of animals. In Yakutia, where cattle breeding and horse breeding are engaged, animal diseases associated with impaired metabolic processes in the body are widespread. Macro-microelements, which are important for the animal body, must be in the necessary quantities and constantly. In the body, they are involved in the formation of biologically highly active substances, such as hormones, vitamins and enzymes. With a lack or excess of these trace elements in the soil, feed, water, specific metabolic diseases arise and develop in animals, leading to a decrease in productivity, reproduction and even death. The most common is endemic goiter caused by a lack of iodine, white muscle disease caused by a lack of selenium, anemia caused by a lack of iron, etc. Therefore, the authors of the article consider the deficiency of minerals, macro- and microelements in the diet of animals to be one of the most acute problems in modern animal husbandry in Yakutia.
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