自闭症谱系障碍、极端主义和风险评估。

IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Pub Date : 2024-02-11 DOI:10.1002/cbm.2330
Clare S. Allely, Emma Jouenne, Alexander Westphal, Ekkehart Staufenberg, David Murphy
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:迄今为止,尚无证据支持自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)与普通人群中的极端主义之间存在关联。然而,越来越多的人认识到,自闭症的一些特征可能为从事极端主义行为的脆弱性提供了背景。目的:本文阐述了采用专门的临床方法将临床风险评估过程与刑事司法系统中对自闭症患者脆弱性的评估更好地结合起来的理由:在本文中,自闭症谱系罪犯风险与保护评估框架(FARAS):方法:本文探讨了自闭症罪犯风险评估与保护框架(FARAS):风险评估员工作指南。在制定 FARAS 时,Al-Attar 提出了自闭症的七个方面,这些方面 "可能与恐怖主义的推力和拉力因素有着不同的功能联系"(第 928 页),其中包括:被限制的兴趣;丰富生动的幻想和受损的社会想象力;对秩序、规则、仪式、常规和可预测性的需求;强迫性、重复和收集;社会交往和沟通困难;认知风格和感官处理:我们结合临床上最广泛使用的风险评估 "备忘录 "工具,即 HCR20v3,对 FARAS 进行了描述。
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Autism spectrum disorder, extremism and risk assessment

Background

To date, there is no evidence supporting the existence of an association between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and extremism in the general population. However, there is increasing recognition that several features of ASD may provide the context of vulnerability to engage in extremist behaviour.

Aims

This paper sets out the case for a dedicated clinical approach to better integrate clinical risk appraisal processes with an assessment of ASD individuals' vulnerabilities within the Criminal Justice System.

Methods and Results

In this paper the Framework for the Assessment of Risk & Protection in Offenders on the Autistic Spectrum (FARAS): A Guide for Risk Assessors Working with Offenders on the Autistic Spectrum is explored. In developing the FARAS, Al-Attar proposed seven facets of ASD that ‘may have different functional links with push and pull factors to terrorism’ (p. 928), which include circumscribed interests; rich vivid fantasy and impaired social imagination; need for order, rules, rituals, routine and predictability; obsessionality, repetition and collecting; social interaction and communication difficulties; cognitive styles and Sensory processing.

Discussion and Conclusion

We describe the FARAS within the context of the most widely used clinical risk appraisal ‘aide memoire’ instruments integral to the Structured Professional Judgement of risk process, namely the HCR20v3.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health – CBMH – aims to publish original material on any aspect of the relationship between mental state and criminal behaviour. Thus, we are interested in mental mechanisms associated with offending, regardless of whether the individual concerned has a mental disorder or not. We are interested in factors that influence such relationships, and particularly welcome studies about pathways into and out of crime. These will include studies of normal and abnormal development, of mental disorder and how that may lead to offending for a subgroup of sufferers, together with information about factors which mediate such a relationship.
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