非平衡等离子体分布对 Vigil 等离子体分析仪太阳风测量的影响

IF 3.7 2区 地球科学 Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI:10.1029/2023sw003671
H. Zhang, D. Verscharen, G. Nicolaou
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了保护社会免受空间气象的影响,我们必须监测空间气象,并在可能的情况下对极端事件发出预警。为此,欧洲航天局目前正准备在本十年末发射 Vigil 任务,作为太阳-地球系统第五拉格朗日点的空间天气监测器。除其他仪器外,Vigil 还将携带等离子体分析仪(PLA),对太阳风离子进行准连续测量。考虑到典型的太阳风等离子体条件,我们对等离子体分析仪的性能进行了建模,以便将等离子体分析仪的预期观测结果与太阳风的假定输入条件进行比较。我们评估了仪器在现实的非平衡等离子体条件下的性能,考虑了温度各向异性、质子束和α粒子的贡献。我们检查了仪器在一定输入太阳风时刻范围内的性能精度。我们确定了由非平衡等离子体条件引起的潜在误差来源,并将这些误差与仪器特性(如角度和能量分辨率以及视场)联系起来。我们展示了仪器的局限性和可能的改进,例如应用地面拟合技术,即使在非平衡等离子体条件下也能获得更精确的太阳风测量结果。使用等离子体矩的地面处理而不是机载处理对于获得可靠的测量结果至关重要。
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The Impact of Non-Equilibrium Plasma Distributions on Solar Wind Measurements by Vigil's Plasma Analyser
In order to protect society from space weather impacts, we must monitor space weather and obtain early warnings for extreme events if possible. For this purpose, the European Space Agency is currently preparing to launch the Vigil mission toward the end of this decade as a space-weather monitor at the fifth Lagrange point of the Sun–Earth system. Vigil will carry, amongst other instruments, the Plasma Analyser (PLA) to provide quasi-continuous measurements of solar wind ions. We model the performance of the PLA instrument, considering typical solar wind plasma conditions, to compare the expected observations of PLA with the assumed input conditions of the solar wind. We evaluate the instrument performance under realistic, non-equilibrium plasma conditions, accounting for temperature anisotropies, proton beams, and the contributions from α-particles. We examine the accuracy of the instrument's performance over a range of input solar wind moments. We identify sources of potential errors due to non-equilibrium plasma conditions and link these to instrument characteristics such as its angular and energy resolution and its field of view. We demonstrate the limitations of the instrument and potential improvements such as applying ground-based fitting techniques to obtain more accurate measurements of the solar wind even under non-equilibrium plasma conditions. The use of ground processing of plasma moments instead of on-board processing is crucial for the extraction of reliable measurements.
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