Structure and function of engineered stromal cell-derived factor-1α.

To design biologically active, collagen-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, we have synthesized chimeric proteins consisting of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF) and the von Willebrand factor A3 collagen-binding domain (CBD). The chimeric proteins were used to evaluate the effect of domain linkage and its order on the structure and function of the SDF and CBD. The structure of the chimeric proteins was analyzed by circular dichroism spectroscopy, while functional analysis was performed by a cell migration assay for the SDF domain and a collagen-binding assay for the CBD domain. Furthermore, computational structural prediction was conducted for the chimeric proteins to examine the consistency with the results of structural and functional analyses. Our structural and functional analyses as well as structural prediction revealed that linking two domains can affect their functions. However, their order had minor effects on the three-dimensional structure of CBD and SDF in the chimeric proteins.