集结与愤怒:欧洲各国政府获得的具体支持与针对大流行病的支持之间的差距

Klára Vlachová
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摘要

在 COVID-19 大流行期间,公众普遍对本国政府表示了较高的针对大流行的支持。然而,根据来自 20 个国家的欧洲社会调查第 10 轮 COVID-19 模块数据进行的分析表明,欧洲国家对政府的特定大流行支持与特定大流行支持之间存在差距。52.7%的受访者表示支持针对大流行病的政府,而 24.0%的受访者表示不支持。年轻人、自营职业者或为家族企业工作的人、学生、主观健康状况较好的人以及 COVID-19 检测呈阳性或认为自己曾感染过 COVID-19 的人对本国政府处理 COVID-19 的满意度低于对国家政府表现的总体满意度。政治观点也会影响支持率的差距;对民主运作方式感到满意的人,不太信任政府控制病原体传播的能力的人,倾向于自己做决定而不是遵守政府限制的人,以及认为政府未能管理好健康与经济之间的权衡的人,都会限制他们对政府的支持。
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Rally and Rage: The Gap between Specific and Pandemic-Specific Support for Governments in Europe
In times of the COVID-19 pandemic, the public generally expressed high pandemic-specific support for their governments. Analysis based on ESS Round 10 COVID-19 module data from 20 countries shows, however, that there was a gap between pandemic-specific and specific support for governments in European states. A positive gap in favor of pandemic-specific support for governments was found among 52.7% of the respondents, while a negative trend was observed among 24.0% of the respondents. Younger people, those self-employed or working for family businesses, students, those with better subjective health, and people who tested positive for or thought they had suffered from COVID-19 expressed less satisfaction with the government’s handling of COVID-19 in their country compared to general satisfaction with national government performance. Political opinions affected the support gap too; people who were satisfied with the way democracy works, were less trusting of their government’s ability to control the spread of the pathogen, preferred their own decisions over compliance with government restrictions, and perceived that their government failed to manage the health–economy trade-off restrained their pandemic-specific support for the government as well.
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