捕食者捕食异性猎物时释放的化学线索会改变斑马鱼的胚胎发育

IF 2.1 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Fishes Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI:10.3390/fishes9030095
Ainuo Lin, Yaxi Li, Zhi Yan, Huilin Zhang, Baozhen Jiang, Jingjing Chen, Derui Wang, Huan Wang, Xiaodong Li, Zhen Lu, Ke Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

环境诱导孵化普遍存在,种类繁多,对许多动物的生存至关重要。鱼类胚胎利用各种化学线索启动孵化,以避开潜在的捕食者,但捕食异种猎物时释放的化学线索的功能在很大程度上是未知的。斑马慈鲷(Metriaclima estherae)是一种凶猛的捕食者,可以捕食青鳉(Oryzias latipes),但这在其自然栖息地是不可能发生的。斑马鱼(Danio rerio)胚胎对各种化学信号非常敏感,因此被用作实验对象。在这项研究中,斑马鱼胚胎受到了三种化学信号的影响:捕食者信号(PCs,由慈鲷释放)、异特异性信号(HCs,由青鱼释放)和异特异性饮食信号(HDCs,由摄入青鱼的慈鲷释放)。结果,PCs 和 HDCs 分别使斑马鱼胚胎的孵化时间加快了 6.8% 和 12.6%。多氯联苯和多氯联苯会导致斑马鱼胚胎的形态显著降低,包括总长、眼长、背鳍长、躯干高、尾鳍高和体腔,并增加卵黄囊高度。多氯化萘和多氯化萘可减少受精后 120 和 144 h(hpf)幼体的运动,这可能归因于胚胎的非发育过程。总体而言,与多氯联苯相比,HDCs对胚胎孵化、发育形态和运动的影响更为明显。我们的研究结果表明,捕食者的膳食线索,甚至是捕食异种猎物后释放的膳食线索,都能改变胚胎的发育,突出了化学信号在利用胚胎进行捕食风险评估中的关键作用。
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Chemical Cues Released by Predators’ Consumption of Heterospecific Prey Alter the Embryogenesis of Zebrafish
Environmentally cued hatching is prevalent, diverse, and crucial to many animals’ survival. Fish embryos use a variety of chemical cues to initiate hatching to avoid potential predators, yet the function of chemical cues released from the predatory consumption of heterospecific prey is largely unknown. Zebra cichlids (Metriaclima estherae) are ferocious predators that can feed on medaka (Oryzias latipes), though it is impossible for this to occur in their natural habitat. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos have been employed as experimental subjects due to their sensitivity to a variety of chemical signals. In this study, zebrafish embryos were subjected to three types of chemical signals: predator cues (PCs, released from cichlids), heterospecific cues (HCs, released from medaka), and heterospecific dietary cues (HDCs, released from cichlids that have ingested medaka). As a result, the hatching times of zebrafish embryos were accelerated by 6.8% and 12.6% by PCs and HDCs, respectively. PCs and HDCs cause significantly reduced morphology in zebrafish embryos, including regarding total length, eye length, dorsal fin length, trunk height, caudal fin height, and body cavity, and increase yolk sac height. The PCs and HDCs diminished the larvae’s motion at 120 and 144 h post fertilization (hpf), which could be attributed to non-developmental embryogenesis. Overall, the impacts of HDCs on embryonic hatching, developmental morphology, and locomotor were more pronounced in comparison with PCs. Our findings demonstrate that predators’ dietary cues, even those released after predation on heterospecific prey, can modify embryogenesis, highlighting the critical functions of chemical signals in predation risk assessment using embryos.
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Fishes
Fishes Multiple-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
311
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