Correlation of TBX21 gene polymorphisms with ankylosing spondylitis in a Chinese population

Genome-wide association studies analysis has revealed associations between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and loci on the TBX21 gene across various populations. This study aimed to investigate if there is a connection between a higher risk of AS in a Chinese population and two polymorphism loci on the TBX21 gene. To achieve this, we performed a case–control investigation involving 363 patients with AS and 907 healthy individuals. Genotyping was carried out using the iPLEX Gold genotyping assay. The analysis of genotypes and haplotypes was performed using SPSS 23.0 and SHEsis software. The results revealed no statistically significant correlation between the two specified single-nucleotide polymorphisms of TBX21 (rs11657479 C/T and rs4794067 C/T) and susceptibility to AS. However, upon conducting stratification analysis, our findings demonstrated a significant association between rs11657479 and susceptibility to human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27⁺ AS in allelic (C vs. T: odds ratio [OR] = 1.52, 95%CI = 1.09–2.11, corrected p [pc] = .028), heterozygous (CT vs. TT: OR = 1.63, 95%CI = 1.13–2.34, pc = .016) and dominant (CT + CC vs. TT: OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.12–2.28, pc = .018) models. Furthermore, the haplotype rs4794067/C-rs11657479/C of TBX21 was found to increase the risk of HLA-B27⁺ AS cases. In conclusion, our findings indicate a correlation between TBX21 gene polymorphism and HLA-B27⁺ AS patients within the Chinese population.