使用 Gambier 等人的方法,通过观察南印度亚成年人的第三颗臼齿,评估 18 岁的法定年龄

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI:10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102435
Subramanyeswara Swamy Chinni , Waheeda Shahnaz , Sowmya Akkanapally , Rehana Sultana , Asa Priyanka Mula , Sudheer B. Balla , Galina Zolotenkova , Nikolaos Angelakopoulos
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在法医实践中,法医经常需要利用牙科证据估算年龄。这就需要一种不复杂、可靠、可重复的牙科年龄估算方法,使医生无需特定的牙科专业知识即可进行估算。在各种牙科方法中,第三磨牙萌出分析并不复杂,也更容易操作。在我们的研究中,我们探讨了 Gambier 等人的评分系统的有效性,该系统检查所有第三磨牙的萌出情况。我们回顾性地分析了 1032 个年龄在 15 到 24 岁之间的人的正畸照片(男性 528 个,女性 504 个)。随着第三磨牙萌出阶段(1 至 3)和分期(A 至 D)的进展,男女的平均实际年龄均有所增长。就阶段而言,未成年人(18 岁)和成年人(18 岁)之间没有明显的差异,尤其是男性。不过,Gambier 的 D 阶段显示出 18 岁或 18 岁以上的可能性相对较高,总体上 85.9% 的男性和 95.7% 的女性在第三阶段的所有第三磨牙都是 18 岁或 18 岁以上的。虽然该测试方法有助于判断儿童是否已满 18 周岁,但建议谨慎使用(因为假阳性比例较高),而且专家应将该方法与其他年龄评估方法一起使用。
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Evaluating legal age of 18 years through observation of third molars using Gambier et al. method in an orthopantomographic sample of subadults from South India

In forensic practice, medicolegal physicians are often tasked with estimating age using dental evidence. This calls for an uncomplicated, reliable, and reproducible method for dental age estimation, enabling physicians to proceed without specific odontological expertise. Among various dental methods, third molar eruption analyses are less complicated and easier to perform. In our study, we explored the effectiveness of Gambier et al.'s scoring system, which examines the eruption of all third molars. We retrospectively analysed 1032 orthopantomograms (528 males and 504 females) of individuals aged between 15 and 24 years. The mean chronological age increased with the progression of stages (1 to 3) and phases (A to D) of the third molar eruption for both sexes. In terms of stages, none showed significant discrimination between minors (<18 years) and adults (>18 years), especially for males. However, Gambier’s phase D displayed a relatively high likelihood of being 18 years or older, with an overall 85.9 % of males and 95.7 % of females having all third molars in stage 3 being 18 years or older. While the tested method could be helpful in indicating the completion of the 18th year of life, caution is advised (due to a high percentage of false positives), and it should be used alongside other age assessment methods by experts.

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来源期刊
Legal Medicine
Legal Medicine Nursing-Issues, Ethics and Legal Aspects
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
119
审稿时长
7.9 weeks
期刊介绍: Legal Medicine provides an international forum for the publication of original articles, reviews and correspondence on subjects that cover practical and theoretical areas of interest relating to the wide range of legal medicine. Subjects covered include forensic pathology, toxicology, odontology, anthropology, criminalistics, immunochemistry, hemogenetics and forensic aspects of biological science with emphasis on DNA analysis and molecular biology. Submissions dealing with medicolegal problems such as malpractice, insurance, child abuse or ethics in medical practice are also acceptable.
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